Philosophy and History

Question 1

dedication to Truth and Virtue;
death is viewed as martyrdom;
virtue is a kind of knowledge

Answer 1

Socrates (c. 470-399 BCE)

Question 2

most gifted and accomplished student of Socrates;
Theory of Forms - external appearance of an object

Answer 2

Plato (c.428-348 BCE)

Question 3

devised system of reasoning “Syllogistic”;
1st genuine empirical scientist in history;
1st person to distinguish the major scientific fields (bio, botany, chem, embryology, physics, zoology).

Answer 3

Aristotle (384-322 BCE)

Question 4

traditionally the Father of Modern Philosophy;
rejected Aristotelian scholasticism.

Answer 4

Rene Descartes (1596-1650)

Question 5

stated that Philosophy as inductive science of human nature;
humans are creatures more of sensitive and practical sentiment than reason.

Answer 5

David Hume (1711-1776) - Scottish philosopher

Question 6

comprehensive work in Epistemology (theory of knowledge), Ethics, Aesthetics;
one of the foremost thinkers of the Enlightenment

Answer 6

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) - German philosopher

Question 7

developed “Positivism”;
theory that theology and metaphysics are earlier imperfect modes of knowledge and positive knowledge is based on natural phenomena

Answer 7

Auguste Conte (1798-1804) - French philosopher