Political Restoration and Reform: France Flashcards
What does the term restoration refer to?
It refers to events in France where the Bourbons were restored to the throne after Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo.
What was Louis XVIII’s constitution and what did it entail?
It was called the Charter of 1814, and it contained many of the freedoms from the revolutionary period, such as freedom of religion. It allowed for a constitutional monarchy with two chambers made from a restricted franchise, and the King held the reins of power.
Who came to the throne after Louis XVIII? How did he feel about the Revolution?
Charles X. He was even more bitter about the Revolution than Louis XVIII.
What were Charles X’s divisive policies?
He introduced the Law of Sacrilege, which ruled death as the penalty for an attack on the Church. He appointed the Prince of Polignac, an ultra-royalist, as chief minister.
What divisive thing did Polignac issue?
He issued the July Ordinances, which dissolved the newly elected assembly, took away the right to vote from the upper bourgeoisie, and imposed rigid censorship.
What were the results of the July Ordinances?
Revolution broke out in France. The French liberals, fearful of republics from the French Revolution, turned to Louis Phillipe. This led to the July Revolution of 1830, which ended with the crowning of Louis Phillipe and the creation of the bourgeois; Phillipe’s rule came to be known as the July Monarchy.
