Political Authority in Action Flashcards
What was Russification?
Forcing everyone within the Russian empire to think of themselves as Russian, by enforcing the Russian language and culture.
Why did the development of National Ideology prove a problem to Tsarist Autocracy in the 1800s?
Diverse nationalities meant that national ideology was diverse; thus, a threat to Russian autocracy.
What year was the first Polish rebellion?
1830
How did Alexander II react to the 1863 polish rebellion?
He sent his brother Viceroy Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich to deal with the rebels.
How many Poles were involved in the 1863 rebellion?
200,000
How did the Poles fight the Russians in the 1863 rebellion?
They used Guerilla Warfare
What year were the Polish rebels eventually suppressed?
1864
How did Alexander II keep control of racial minorities?
Used concessions to keep control.
Which officials advocated the policy of ‘cultural russification?’
Tsar Alexander III, Pobedonostev and many of the Tsar’s ministers.
What was the aim of Russification?
to merge all the Tsar’s subjects into a single nation with a feeling of shared identity.
Which areas suffered from Russification most severely?
Poland and Finland.
How was Russification enforced in Finland?
Their parliament was reorganised to have less influence,
the use of russian language was demanded,
the independent postal service was abolished,
russian coinage replaced their currency.
How was Russification enforced in Poland?
The Polish National bank was closed,
in schools, the teaching of all subjects was to be in Russian,
Literature was studied in Russian translation,
Administration of Poland was changed to curb any independence.
What year was the Polish national bank closed?
1885
How was Russification enforced against the Baltic Germans?
Russian Language was demanded in all state offices, schools, the police force and judicial system.
