POLGOV (LESSON 1 AND 2) Flashcards
Comes from the Greek word “polis”
Politics
What is the meaning of Polis?
City
Who said that, “Politics means who gets what, when, and how.” And Explain.
Harold Lasswell
Came from the Latin word “scire” or“scientia”
Science
Scire or Scientia means?
Knowledge
Polit + Scire = Political Science that means?
The Knowledge of Cities
The systematic study of State and government, primarily concerning about the State
Political Science
Father of Political Science
Aristotle
Father of Political Philosophy
Plato
The most famous work of plato?
The Republic
First Treatise in Political Affairs
Politics
It is a community of person more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of a territory, independent of external control and possessing an organized government to which the great body of inhabitants render habitual obedience.”
State / James W. Garner
A group of people of mainly common ancestry and history usually inhabiting a particular country under one government
Nation
a theory that states that the State is created under divine right or in accordance with God’s will; St. Thomas Aquinas is a proponent
Divine Right Theory
a theory that states that the State is created according to the will of the people in a “social contract”; some proponents are John Locke, Thomas Hobbes & Jean-Jacques Rosseau
Social Contract Theory
a theory highlighting man’s natural/instinctive desire to be united and form a society or State
Natural / Instinctive Theory
a theory that states that man created a State as a result of force where a stronger man/group topples a weaker person/group
Force Theory
Inhabitants living within the State
People
No definite number of population is required as long as there is a sufficient number of both sexes to maintain life and for the purposes of procreation
People
Fixed portion of the Earth composed of terrestrial ,fluvial and aerial domains
Territory
An agency or instrumentality through which the will of the State is formulated, expressed and realized
Government
The agent of the State
Government
Two Types Of Sovereignty
Internal and External
the power of the State to enact laws to promote public/general welfare(e.g. safety, health, happiness, prosperity)
Police Power
the power of the State to take private property for public use with just compensation
Eminent Domain
the power of the State to demand contribution from the people to maintain the government
Taxation
is an invisible concept that exists only in contemplation with the law and is higher than the government.
State
The modern and most common concept and idea of what the government is and its forms came from
Greece
encompasses the system by which an organization is controlled and operates, and the mechanisms by which it, and its people, are held to account
Governance
1 Ruler
Monarchy
Monarch has absolute powers
Absolute Monarchy
Monarchy that consonance with the Constitution
Constitutional Monarchy
Few ruler for common good or general good
Aristocracy
Few Rules for common bad or general bad
Oligarchy
Democracy where people make their own choices
Direct Democracy
Democracy where people elect representatives that will represent them
Indirect Democracy
Form of government that practical or happening in the reality but not ordained by law
De Facto Government
established and present and deemed lawful/ordained by law
De Jure Government
the Head of State and Head of Government are the President and have different branches
Presidential
United branches. The Head of State (usually either a monarch or a President) is separated from the Head of Government (usually a Prime Minister/Premier/Chancellor)
Parliamentary
Form of government that there is 1 organ focused only on the national/central government
Unitary
Form of government that there are 2 organs namely the national/central government and the local/state government
Federal
Other forms that ruled by ordinary people or their representatives
Civilian Government
It is run by the constitution
Constitutional Government
has total control on all aspects of human life
Totalitarian Government
has1 ruler who dictates everything
Dictatorial Government
less harsh than the Totalitarian Government due to it being bound to rules and laws
Authoritarian Government
it is essentially a “democratic, welfare state
Socialist Government
Came from the latin word bene which means good. Strict sila for good be.
Benevolent Authoritarian
Came from the latin word male which means evil.
Malevolent
