CNF (FICTION, POETRY, DRAMA Flashcards
is defined as written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit
Literature
It is a form of human expression.
Literature
is not only limited to written works but it can also be delivered through oral delivery by “word of mouth” or performance.
Literature
comes from the Latin “prosa oratio,”
Prose
Meaning of prosa oratio
Straightforward
It applies a natural flow of speech, and ordinary grammatical structure
Prose
is based on made up and fabricated stories and characters
Fiction
Fiction It is from the Latin word “fictiō” which means
The act of making, fashioning, or molding
could be read in a single sitting it has a single setting, few characters, a singular theme, and a simple plot
Short Story
It is longer than short stories since it is divided in chapters. It is the longest genre of narrative prose fiction in modern literature.
Novel
Shorter than novels but longer than short stories
Novellas
describes where the story takes place.
Physical Setting
introduces when the story happened on a certain period, era, holiday
Chronological Setting
are vital to the development and resolution of the conflict
Major or Central Characters
serve to complement the major characters and help move the plot events forward.
Minor Chacracters
a person who changes over time, ́usually as a result of resolving a central conflict or facing a major crisis
Dynamic Characters
is someone who does not change over time
Static Characters
is anyone who has a complex personality; ́he or she is often portrayed as a conflicted and contradictory person.
Round Characters
the opposite of a round character ́This literary personality is notable for one kind of personality trait or characteristic
Flat Characters
are those types of characters who have become conventional or stereotypical through repeated use in particular types of stories
Stock Characters
he central person in a story, and is often referred to as the story’s main character
Protagonist
is the character(s) (or situation) that represents the opposition against which the protagonist must contend
Antagonist
A major character, usually the protagonist, who lacks conventional nobility of mind, and ́who struggles for values not deemed universally admirable.
Anti-Hero
is any character (usually the antagonist or an important supporting character) whose personal qualities contrast with another character (usually the protagonist)
Foil Character
is any major or minor character whose very existence represents some major idea or aspect of society.
Symbolic
an be simplified as a “problem / struggle” that needs to be resolved
Conflict
is the struggle within the characters. This may be related to mental conditions or critical moral choices.
Internal Conflict
is the struggle between the characters and the outside influences.
External Conflict
is an object, event or a character that’s used to represent an abstract idea; ́it is something which stands for something else.
Symbolism
Told from the P.O.V. of an outside narrator, the “omniscient” author nevertheless gets inside the thoughts and feelings of any character him or her wishes (in other words, two or more characters)
3rd Person Omniscient
In order to limit the information and focus theaonttention of the reader onto one character, the author will sometimes tell a story by entering the mind of one key character (usually the protagonist). (Does not use I or my)
(3rd Person) Limited Omniscient
́Here the outside narration is completely lacking any interior thinking. The author, and the readers, can only observe exterior actions and dialogue, and from that infer a character’s thoughts. In other words, the author must describe gestures and actions that indirectly show
(3rd Person) Objective or Dramatic
This perspective is told from the P.O.V. of the main character. It allows the author to bring the reader closer to the character and create more sympathy for the character’s struggles. ́ ́However, it also limits the reader to one person’s perspective, and we don’t have a broader, more balanced point of view. Nevertheless, this view grants a sense of immediacy: we see everything through this character’s eyes.
1st Person Central
This also uses “I” or ‘“my,” but from the P.O.V. of a minor character who observes - usually in a more neutral and detached manner - the actions of the main characters. Like with 3rd person objective, the detachment from the main character(s) creates a lack of knowledge and heightens the suspense.
1st Person Peripheral
This is a relatively rare point of view and is difficult to sustain. It is based upon the address of one speaker to a second person. It uses the “you” and “your” pronouns throughout, which, as you can imagine, is difficult to maintain without sounding repetitive.
2nd Person
is an expression that is written in verse, often with some form of regular rhythm. It uses language which is more intensified, focused, and intricate than prose.
Poetry
tell stories which may be short and simple or long and complex.
Narrative Poems
employ dramatic form or elements of dramatic technique.
Dramatic Poems
are brief in structure and subjective in expressing the thoughts and emotions of the speaker or persona. It may also retain some elements of a song which can be accompanied by music
Lyric Poems
An extensive, serious poem that tells the story about a heroic figure.
Epic
A poem that tells a story similar to a folk tale or legend which often has a repeated refrain. Usually, a ballad contains a moral or a lesson that a reader can relate to real life situations.
Ballad
It is a Medieval Italian lyric style poetry with five or six stanzas and a shorter ending stanza.
Canzone
A sad and thoughtful poem about the death of an individual
Elegy
It is a long lyric poem which contains a serious subject written in an elevated style.
Ode
A lyric poem that consists of 14 lines which usually have one or more conventional rhyme schemes
Sonnet
it is written in iambic pentameter and contains three quatrains (4 lines) and a couplet (2 lines)
Shakespearean Sonnet
it is also known as Italian sonnet and introduced by Francesco Petrarch. It contains an octave (8 lines) and a sestet (6 lines)
Petrarchan Sonnet
it was introduced by Edmund Spenser.
Spenserian Sonnet
It consists of nineteen lines which are composed of five tercets (3 lines) and aqua train (4 lines). It also has a specified internal rhyme scheme.
Villanelle
An ancient form of Japanese poetry about nature which contains 17 syllables shared between 3 lines.
Haiku
It is a poem which concerns the natural world, rural life and landscapes.
Pastoral
It is a poem that is humorous and witty. It consists of five lines and rhyme scheme which is AABBA
Limerick
It is the literal representation of an experience or object that is perceived through the senses
Imagery
are lighter in tone and provide a happy conclusion. The intention of dramatists in comedies is to make their audience laugh.
Comedies
dramas use darker themes such as disaster, pain and death.
Tragedy
which is sensational and appeals directly to the senses of audience.
Melodrama
a comedy that aims at entertaining the audience through situations that are highly exaggerated, extravagant, and thus improbable
Farce
In musical dramas, dramatists not only tell their stories through acting and dialogue, but through dance as well as music.
Musical
