Polarity & Solubility, H-bonding Flashcards
Which element is the most electronegative?
Fluorine
What makes a non-polar bond?
When electrons are shared equally between atoms.
- Same element
- Symmetrical
- Contains C & H
What makes a polar bond?
If a molecule is unsymmetrical. (Electron pairs not attracted equally to each atom)
Explain the polarity of water.
Water has polar covalent bonds and is an unsymmetrical molecule with a bent shape. because of this, the molecule as a whole is polar (it has a slightly positive and a slightly negative end)
What is the solubility rule?
“Like dissolves like”
If a solute is Hydrophilic it is?
‘Water loving”
What is the name for a solute that is ‘water hating’?
Hydrophobic
Polar solvents dissolve _____ or ____ solutes?
Ionic or polar
Non-polar solvents are usually ____ ____ and dissolve non-polar solutes. Making them hydrophobic.
Organic compounds
True or false, non-polar covalent bonds are mostly soluble in water?
False. most are insoluble in water.
Because water molecules are polar, significant intermolecular attractions exist between molecules; these are commonly known as?
Hydrogen bonds
The hydrogen bonding in water causes water molecules stick together quite strongly resulting in?
1 . High latent heat
- High specific heat
- High surface tension
The energy required to change the state of a substance without increasing its temperature is called?
Latent heat.
What is Latent heat energy in the body used for?
To evaporate the water from sweat on the skin to cool the body down
Define specific heat capacity.
A measure of the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance
