Chemical Bonding & Molecules Flashcards
What is an ion?
A charged atom or group of atoms / Charged particles.
What are the two ways elements combine to form molecules in order to have a complete valence shell?
- Gaining or losing electrons
2. Sharing electrons
Where are ions found?
In the extracellular and intracellular fluid in the body
True or false, Cations are negatively charged?
False, they have a positive charge. (formed by losing electrons)
If an atom gains an electron, what charge will it have? and what are these called?
It will have a negative charge, called an Anion.
Which group in the periodic table forms cations?
Groups 1 - 3
Groups 5-7 in the periodic table form what kind of ions?
Anions
Describe an ionic bond.
The force of attraction between an anion (-) and a cation (+)
Taking/giving electrons
Metal + non metal
Define an electrolyte
Ions in aqueous solutions.
What kind of bond is it when sharing electrons?
Covalent bond (between non-metals)
Gaining or losing electrons gives ionic compounds with… ?
Ionic bonds
A molecule is?
The simplest unit of a substance that is stable and complete.
What does a structural formula of a covalent substance show?
The atoms plus a line between then representing each shared pair of electrons. (or each covalent bond)
How many covalent bonds does a Tetrahedral shape have?
4
What shape would NH3 be?
Pyramid - 3 covalent bonds
