Poetry Flashcards
What are characteristics of poetry? (7)
- usually written in verse lines
- relatively short text form (lyric)
- dense expression
- more overstructured than normal sentences (structure, phonology, morphology, syntax)
- derivation from everyday language = defamiliarisation
- aesthetic self-referentiality
- lyric: song-like quality, expressing subjective experience
What kind of metrical pattern?
And justify the ways of god to man
Iamb/x
What kind of metrical pattern?
Tiger, tiger
Trochee X/
What kind of metrical pattern?
Cannon to right of them, cannon to left of them.
Dactyl X//
What kind of metrical pattern?
The Assyrian came down like the wold on the fold.
Anapaest //x
What kind of metrical pattern?
Pen-knife
heartburn
Spondee xx
One stress per line?
Monometer
Two stresses per line?
Dimeter
Three stresses per line?
Trimeter
Four stresses per line?
Tetrameter
Five stresses per line?
Pentameter
Six stresses per line?
Hexameter
Seven stresses per line?
Heptameter
Eight stresses per line?
Octameter
What does iambic mean?
Each short syllable that is not stressed is followed by a long or stressed syllable
What kind of rhythm?
Thus I
Pass by
And die,
As one,
Unknown,
And gone.
Iambic monometer
What kind of rhythm?
The moon shines bright: in such a night as this,
When the sweet wind did gently kiss the trees
Iambic pentameter
Does a poem have an addressee?
It can have an addressee, but it doesn‘t have to.
Does a poem have a speaker?
Yes, always.
Whats rhyme?
Two different words with identical sound from the last stressed syllable onwards
Whats a one-syllable rhyme?
Day/way
Whats a two-syllable rhyme?
Winning/spinning
Whats a three-syllable rhyme?
Mathematical/Attic all
Whats a continuous rhyme?
Aaaa bbbb
What are rhyming couplets?
Aa bb cc
Whats alternate rhyme?
Abab
Whats embracing rhyme?
Abba cddc
Whats tail rhyme?
Aab ccb
Whats a leonine rhyme, or internal rhyme?
There was a rustling that seemed like a bustling (in the same line)
Whats a half-rhyme, or slant rhyme?
It seemed that out of battle I escaped
Down some profound dull tunnel, long since scooped
Through granites which titanic wars had groined.
(Based on consonants)
= type of rhyme with words that have similar, but not identical sounds
What rhyme pattern is that?
Aaaa bbbb
Continuous rhyme
What rhyme pattern is that?
Aa bb cc
Rhyming couplets
What rhyme pattern is that?
Abab
Alternate rhyme
What rhyme pattern is that?
Abba cddc
Embracing rhyme
What rhyme pattern is that?
Aab ccb
Tail rhyme
What rhyme pattern is that?
There was a rustling that seemed like a bustling
Leonine rhyme, internal rhyme
What rhyme pattern is that?
It seemed that out of battle I escaped
Down some profound dull tunnel, long since scooped
Through granites which titanic wars had groined
Half-rhyme, slant rhyme
Whats the definition for a slant rhyme?
Type of rhyme with words that have similar, but not identical sounds
Whats a sonnet?
Short lyrical poem of 14 lines
How did the sonnet come to England?
16th century: It came to England from Italy. England first tried to copy Italian sonnet (translation, imitation).
How is the Italian sonnet constructed?
Octave and sestet (division also used for content division)
How is the English sonnet constructed?
3 quatrains, 1 couplet
English sonnet: What does the couplet contain?
Some kind of punch-line (f.e. Summary, comment)
Italian sonnet: What kind of rhyme scheme?
Embracing rhyme for octoave: abba abba
Variation for sestet: cde cde (cce dde, ccd eed, etc.)
English sonnet: What is the rhyme scheme?
Alternate rhyme for quatrains + final couplet abab cdcd efef gg
Italian sonnet: What comes after the octet?
The volta
How can defamiliarisation be achieved?
Breaking syntactical or connotational rules.
What is meter?
Defined by the kind and number of feet, a particular sequence of stressed and unstressed syllables
