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Literary Studies > Film Analysis > Flashcards

Film Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

film script / screenplay

A

A text containing a film’s action narrative and dialogue.

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2
Q

storyboard

A

A comic-strip version of a filmic sequence. Like the physical film itself, a storyboard consists of a series of frames (‘panels’, in comic-strip terms) picking out a shot’s main situation.

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3
Q

What are units?

A

Frame, shot, scene

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4
Q

Frame

A

Smallest unit on a film’s visual plane, showing a single picture.

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5
Q

Shot

A

Shot: A sequence of frames filmed in a continuous (uninterrupted) take of a camera.

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6
Q

Scene

A

A sequence of action segments which take place, continuously, at the same time and in the same place.

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7
Q

What are camera angles?

A

Straight-on angle
High angle
Low angle

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8
Q

straight-on angle

A

The camera is positioned at about the same height as the object, shooting straight and level (this is the default angle).

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9
Q

high angle

A

The object is seen from above (camera looking down).

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10
Q

low angle

A

The object is seen from a low-level position (camera looking up).

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11
Q

Whats camera height?

A

Regular height
Low height
High height

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12
Q

regular height

A

Camera is positioned at the height of the human face.

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13
Q

low height

A

Camera is positioned below the height of the human face.

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14
Q

high height

A

Camera is positioned above the height of the human face.

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15
Q

canted (oblique) framing

A

Object is not parallel, creates tension.

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16
Q

Whats distance of framing?

A

extreme long shot
long shot
medium long shot
medium shot
medium close-up
close-up
extreme close-up

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17
Q

Extreme long shot

A

Depiction of a building, a landscape or crowd of people.

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18
Q

Long shot

A

A person’s body nearly fills the height of the frame.

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19
Q

Medium long shot

A

A view of a person’s body from the knees up.

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20
Q

Medium shot

A

A view of a person’s body from the waist up.

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21
Q

Medium close-up

A

A view of a person’s body from the chest up.

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22
Q

Close-up

A

Full view of, typically, a human face.

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23
Q

Extreme close-up

A

A small object or part of an object shown large (a speaking mouth, a telephone receiver). Often a detail shot shows a plot-relevant object – a ring, a telephone number on an envelope, the countdown display of a bomb detonator, etc.

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24
Q

What are camera movements?

A

pan
tilt
push in, pull back
zoom

25
Q

Pan

A

The camera surveys a scene by rotating on a vertical axis.

26
Q

Tilt

A

The camera surveys a scene by rotating on a horizontal axis.

27
Q

Push in, pull back

A

The camera moves in on or away from a stationary object.

28
Q

Zoom

A

The camera moves in on or away from an object (zooming in, zooming out) by smoothly extending or shortening its focal length.

29
Q

Different ways how to install the camera

A

hand-held camera
dolly shot
Steadycam
crane shot

30
Q

Hand-held camera

A

Produces irregular movement

31
Q

Dolly shot

A

A shot taken from a camera mounted on a wheeled platform (a dolly).

32
Q

Steadycam

A

Apparatus around cameraman’s hips holds camera steady but allows movement

33
Q

crane shot

A

Camera moves up or down on a crane structure.

34
Q

What are different joins (cuts)?

A

long take
(straight) cut
gradual joins

35
Q

What are different kinds of gradual joins?

A

Dissolve
Fade in/fade out
Wipe

36
Q

Long take

A

No cuts

37
Q

(Straight) cut

A

An immediate shift to the next shot without transition

38
Q

Dissolve

A

gradual transition by fading out of current shot and at the same time fading in the new shot

39
Q

Fade out/in

A

fading out into or fading in from a black screen

40
Q

Wipe

A

Second shot replaces the first shot by means of a boundary moving across the screen

41
Q

What are different kinds of audio codes?

A

Diegetic sound
Nondiegetic sound
Off-screen/on-screen sound
Voice over

42
Q

Diegetic sound

A

Noise, speech or music coming from an identifiable source in the current scene (‘diegetic’ refers to ‘diegesis’, i.e., the narrative world). For instance, we hear a weather report and we see that it comes from a car radio which somebody has just turned on.

43
Q

Nondiegetic Sound

A

Noise, speech or music which does not come from a source located in the current scene. For instance, we see waves breaking on a desolate sea-shore and we hear a full- orchestra playing Vaughan-Williams’s Sea Symphony.

44
Q

Off-screen/on-screen sound

A

Diegetic source of sound but on or off screen

45
Q

Voice over

A

voice over: There are two major meanings: (1) Representation of a non-visible narrator’s voice (voice-over narrator); (2) representation of a character’s interior monologue (the character may be visible but her/his lips do not move).

46
Q

What are features of continuity editing? (8)

A

establishing shot
gaze shot
point of view shot, POV shot
over-the-shoulder shot
shot/reverse-shot
Crosscutting
match cut
jump cut

47
Q

Establishing shot

A

A shot, usually involving distant framing, that shows the spatial relations among the important figures, objects, and setting in a scene.

48
Q

Gaze shot

A

A picture of a character looking (‘gazing’) at something not currently shown. A gaze shot is usually followed by a POV shot

49
Q

POV shot

A

point of view shot, POV shot: The camera assumes the position of a character and shows the object of his or her gaze.

50
Q

Over-the-shoulder shot

A

The camera gets close to, but not fully into, the viewing position of a character

51
Q

Shot/reverse shot

A

Sequence of two over-the-shoulder shots, typical for conversations.

52
Q

Crosscutting

A

alternating shots from one line of action in one place with shots of events in other places, gives knowledge of causal, temporal or spatial connections.

53
Q

Match cut

A

cut from one shot to another where the two shots match by action, subject matter
or composition.

54
Q

Jump cut

A

elliptical cut that appears to be an interruption of a single shot (figure or
background changes instantly)

55
Q

Whats representation of interiority?

A

Use of music and sound effects
Dual-perspective shots
Subtitles, captions, voice-over
Enacted mindscreen

56
Q

Use of music and sound effects

A

non-diegetic sound signals emotional states

57
Q

Dual-perspective shots

A

character is shown from an external perspective but image imitates character perception.

58
Q

Subtitles, captions, voice over

A

immediate rendering of thought

59
Q

Enacted mindscreen

A

visual representation of what goes on in character’s mind (e.g. dream, flashback, fantasy)

Literary Studies (11 decks)

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