POC for Children w/ Neuromuscular Diagnoses Flashcards
What are the three components of Intervention?
Communication + Coordination (with parents / caregivers / other members of the team)
Instruction
Skilled Intervention (procedures individualized to each child)
“Hypothesis-Oriented Clinical Practice” Definition
Intervention / set of interventions will help patient increase strength / ROM, etc.
Reflex Theory
Sensory (afferent) input causes motor (efferent) output between the peripheral
Reflex is the basic unit of movement
Hierarchical Theory
Reflex is a primitive behavior
Motor control achieved from top-down fashion (cerebral cortex to SC)
Primitive reflexes thought to be suppressed with the development of higher control
The main neurofacilitation approaches originated from which theories?
Reflex and Hierarchical
List the Main Neurofacilitation Approaches.
Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT)
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)
Sensory Integration Therapy (SI)
Motor Programming Theory
Network of neurons within the spinal cord (CPGs) work together to produce rhythmic motor commands (e.g., repetitive stepping)
More complex programs developed at cortex level result from motor learning (simplify the production of movement)
Systems Theory
Movements emerge from interaction of many systems
Emphasizes constraints of MSK system and environment on movement
“Control” shifts among systems depending on internal state, task, and environment
Ankle Strategy
Coordinated distal to proximal pattern
Gastroc - HS - Paraspinals
Hip Strategy
Proximal to distal activation
Abs - Quads - Tib Ant
Dynamic Systems Theory
Control of movement shifts among systems
Variability within and between individuals
Evolution of systems over time
“Triad of Constraints” (Dynamic Systems Theory)
Person
Environment
Task
Movement vs. Action
Movement allows Action (goal / task) to be achieved
Change at Movement level alone not sufficient for Action (task required to give meaning / structure to movement pattern)
___ ___ is essential to Motor Learning.
Information Processing
Cognitive processes associated with learning motor skills
Stages of Information Processing
1: Stimulus ID - selectively attending to and integrating relevant stimuli from environment
2: Response Selection - choosing suitable motor response
3: Response Programming - structures or prepares the appropriate response in the CNS
Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) may not effectively use ___ control and depend heavily on ___ feedback.
anticipatory, visual
T or F: It takes younger children and older people longer to process feedback information.
T
Motor Program
Memory representation of a movement that can be retrieved when needed for a functional action
Determines major events in movement pattern
Motor Learning Principles
Performance - change may not be permanent
Learning - permanent change
Attention - allocation and focusing of information processing resources
A ___ in performance associated with Dual Tasks is significantly greater for children with neurological conditions (___ and ___).
decrease,
DCD and CP
What is believed to decrease the negative effects of the “Back to Sleep Program”?
Playing in prone for a total of 60 minutes (not all at once)
CMT Classification
Grade 1 (Early Mild) - 0-3 months / postural or muscle tightness only / <15 degrees
Grade 2 (Early Mod) - 4-6 months / muscle tightness / 15-30 degrees
Grade 3 (Early Severe) - 4-6 months / muscle tightness of 30+ degrees OR SCM mass
Grade 4 (Late Mild) - 7-9 months / postural or muscle tightness only / <15 degrees
Grade 5 (Late Mod) - 10-12 months / postural or muscle tightness only / <15 degrees
Grade 6 (Late Severe) - 7-12 months / muscle tightness of >15 degrees
Grade 7 (Late Extreme) - 7+ months with SCM mass OR 12+ months with muscle tightness of >30 degrees / referred after 12 months of age
When should an infant be referred for Torticolis?
Immediately!
T or F: Children with ITW do NOT usually respond well to conservative treatment.
F
