PNF Techniques Descriptions Flashcards
1
Q
List the 12 PNF techniques
A
- Rhythmic Initiation
- Rhythmic Rotation
- Hold Relax Active Movement
- Hold Relax
- Contract Relax
- Alternating Isometrics
- Rhytmic Stabilization
- Slow Reversal
- Slow Reversal Hold
- Agonistic Reversal
- Resisted Progression
- Repeated Contractions
2
Q
Alternating Isometrics
Description: (5)
Application: (2)
A
Description
- Intermediate step to Rythmic Stabilization
- The pt resists and ISOMETRIC contraction of one pattern
- Immediately followed with resistance to ISOMETRIC contraction of antagonist pattern
- Resistance is built up within each shift and over entire sequence
- (can have a break between, each resistance)
Application
- use for balancing tone
- when used for this purpose one side of joint is emphasized
- often used in trunk stabilzation
3
Q
Hold Relax Active Movement
Description: (7)
Basis: (3)
Application: (2)
A
Description:
- ISOMETRIC contraction of the agnonist (muscle facillitating the desired movement) in shortetned range of a pattern against graded resistance.
- The HOLD is built up
- The pt is given RELAX command.
- When PT feels pt relax, the PT quickly moves pt to lengthened range of pattern.
- Applying a quick stretch,
- the PT gives appropriate command to have pt ACTIVELY return to shortened range of the pattern.
- The PT may assist, track, or resist during active phase.
Basis:
- the hold in short range increases muscle spindle sensitivity so that during the quick stretch in the lengthened range the muscle spindle discharge is maximized.
- Commands are given in appropriate manner to facilitate arousal via RAS.
- Resistance during active phase stimulates isotonics.
Application: (2)
- pt with weakness and/or
- unable to initate movement from lengthened range
4
Q
Rhythmic Stabilization
Description: (4)
Basis: (2)
Application: (2)
A
Description:
-
simultaneous co-contraction (ISOMETRIC) of antagonistic patterns
- (resist flexion of elbow at wrist at same time resist extension of shoulder at extensor surface near elbow, then change)
- by alternating the antagonistic patterns resisted by each hand.
- The resistance is gradually built up within each shift and over the entire sequence.
- (do not give pt break between each resistance)
Basis:
- co-contraction effects both sides of the joint
- Maintained resistance facilitates stabilization
Application:
- when pt has limited ROM due to splinting or pain
- Appropriate to develop tability of head, neck and trunk
5
Q
Agonistic Reversal
Description: (4)
Basis: (1)
Application: (2)
A
Description:
- a rhyghmical reversal from shortening to lengthening contractions of a muscle/group.
- Start out slow.
- CONCENTRIC TO ISOMETRIC TO
- ECCENTRIC TO ISOMETRIC contractions
Basis:
- rhythmical slow movement is used to promote functional stability in a smooth manner
Application:
- use when weakness prevents the pt from controlling his body through the full range of a lengthening contraction
- use when spacticity interferes with teh pt’s ability to perform lengthening contractions
6
Q
Contract Relax
Description: (5)
Basis: (3)
Application: (2)
A
Description:
- The techinique is done at the point of limitation in range
- If possible the pt actively moves to that point
- The PT resists the range limiting pattern (resist the movemenent that is opposite the desired movement) such that an ISOTONIC contraction for the rotary component and an ISOMETRIC contraction of the other componets are acheived.
- When the pt has moved through the full range of the rotary motion, the command to RELAX is given
- When relaxation ahas occurred, the pt moves to new range, or is passivly moved by PT
Basis:
- GTO inhibit range limited pattern
- when pt actively moves to range limited pattern npoint, the range limiting pattern is reciprocally inhibited.
- Rotarly movements apear to unlock or relax
Application:
- when motion does not increase pain
- when involved joint has large rotary component and
7
Q
Rhytmic Initiation
Description: (3)
Basis: (3)
Application: (3)
A
Description:
- movement is first passive,
- then progress to active assisted,
- then to active motion through increments of range
Basis:
- slow rhytmical motion acts to inhibit arousal (RAS) and achieve relaxation
- movement is through the available range, avoiding a protective response from pt
- movement is slow and maintaned, avoiding quick stretches
Application:
- pts who are unable to initiate movement due to increased tone
- pts with limited ROM due to increased tone
- use to teach an activity
8
Q
Rhythmic Rotation:
Description: (3)
Basis: (2)
Application: (2)
A
Description:
- the pt is relaxed.
- The PT slowly and passively moves the part through range
- while slowly rotating and derotating the part on its axis.
Basis:
- slow and rhytmical motion acts to inhibit (RAS)
- Rotary movments seem to “unlock” and relax muscles
Application:
- for pt whose spacticity increases markedly with active movement
- pts with spacticity and no active movement
9
Q
Slow Reversal Hold
Description: (6)
Basis: (1)
Application: (3)
A
Description:
- the pt ISOTONICALLY contracts the agnoist,
- followed by an ISOMETRIC contraction of the agonist
- the pt changes direction (REVERSAL) by repeating saem sequence of contraction of the antagonist
- The pattern does not relax before shifting to opposing pattern
- SRH DEC - through decrement of range
- the PT gradually DECREASES the amount of ROM that the pt movemes through
- SRH INC - through increment of range
- the PT gradually INCREASES the amount of ROM that the pt moves through
Basis:
- aids in the transition from mobility to stability
Application: (3)
- SRH: to develop endurance and strength within a pattern of movement (basically the same as repeated contraction)
- SRH DEC: when a pt cannot stabilize (ataxic),
- builds up the ability to stabilize
- SRH INC: when a pt does not have control through the full range of an activity
- builds u pability to move through full range with control
10
Q
Resisted Progression
Description: (1)
Basis: (1)
Application: (3)
A
Description: (4)
- RESISTED ISOTONIC movement in a pattern of locomotion (gait)
Basis:
- resistance results in overflow
Application:
- use to develop endurance,
- use to promote motor learning of an activity
- use to develop strength
creeping, crawling, walking, tall kneeling
11
Q
Slow Reversal
Description: (3)
Basis: (2)
Application: (3)
A
Description:
- an isotonic contraction of one pattern FOLLOWED by an isotonic contraction of the antagonist pattern.
- The movements are slow and rhythmical
- Resistance may be used, but is usually minimal (this is what differentiates from RI)
Basis: (2)
- the slow rhythmical movements inhibit arousal via RAS
- resistance stimulates activation
Application: (2)
- when pt has weakness limiting ability to initiate movement
- when increased tone limites initiation of movement or motion through range
- to teach an activity
This is for a higher functioning pt than rhythmic initiation.
12
Q
Repeated Contractions
Description: (6)
Basis: (1)
Application: (1)
A
Description: (1)
- the pt ISOTONICALLY contracts the weak pattern
- an ISOMETRIC contraction (of the muscle facillitating the desired motion) is asked for at the point the pattern deteriorates
- The ISOMETRIC contraction is built up
- a quick stretch is applied to the whole pattern (stretches the muscle facillitating the desired motion) as the pt is asked to move (into the desired position) again.
- At the end of the range, and ISOMETRIC contraction is performed (like before)
- The sequence is repeated
Basis:
- muscle spindle facilitation and overflow
Application:
- use when pt has weankess of whole pattern
(this is like davies multiple angle isometrics). Pt has weakness for part of range, as opposed to ataxia (where Slow Reversal Hold would be more appropriate)
13
Q
Hold Relax
Description: (7)
Basis: (2)
Application: (2)
A
Description:
- This technique is performed at the point of limited range
- The pt may actively (ore passively) move to the point of limitation.
- The PT resists ISOMETRIC contraction (for the muscle to be stretched) for the range limiteing pattern.
- The reisistance is built up to pt tolerance (maximal) and
- then maintained (no joint motion is allowed).
- The command to RELAX is given.
- When relaxation is felt, the pt is asked to actively move into the desired motion.
Basis:
- GTO firing will inhibit the range limiting pattern
- Having pt actively move into desired pattern will result in reciprocal inhibition of the range limiting pattern.
Application:
- When pt has pain on movement
- used when involved joint does not have a large rotary component
14
Q
What PNF technique?
- pt has pain on movement
- invovled joint does not have a large rotary component
A
Hold Relax
15
Q
What PNF technique if
- pt wo are unable to initiate movement due to increased tone
- you want to teach an activity
- pt has limited ROM due to increased tone
A
Rhythmic Initiation
(Different from Slow Reversal because no weakness was listed in reasons!)
