Pneumonia

Question 1

Pneumonia

Answer 1

Inflammation of one or both lungs caused by infection

Question 2

Classified by

Answer 2

Clinical Setting
Organism
Morphology

Question 3

Clinical context

Answer 3

COPD, cardiac failure elderly, complication of viral infection, aspiration of gastric contents

Question 4

Symptoms

Answer 4

Malaise
Anorexia
Sweats
Headaches and confusion
Cough
Pleurisy
Haemoptysis
Dyspnoea
Preceding URTI
Abdominal pain and diahorrea

Question 5

Signs

Answer 5

Fever
Rigor
Herpes labialis
Tachypnoea
Crackles
Rub
Cyanosis
Hypertension

Question 6

Investigation

Answer 6

Blood culture
Serology
ABG's
FBC
Urea 
Liver function
CXR

Question 7

Pathology

Answer 7

Classical acute inflammatory response

Exudation of fibrin rich fluid, neutrophils, macrophages and resolution

Question 8

Community Acquired Pneumonia

Answer 8

Use CURB65 score

Question 9

CURB65 score

Answer 9

Confusion
Urea >7
Resp rate >30/min
Blood presure systolic <90
65 over?
One point for each

Question 10

Complications of pneumonia

Answer 10

Resp failure
Pleural effusion
Empyema
Abscess
Bronchiectasis
Death

Question 11

Causative organisms

Answer 11

Strep Pneumonia
Haem Influenza, common in COPD
Staph Aureus, follows flu

Question 12

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Answer 12

Common in CAP

Young people

Question 13

Chlamydia Pstacci

Answer 13

Pets

Question 14

Coxiella Burnetti

Answer 14

Sheep and goats

Q fever

Question 15

Legionella Pneumophilia

Answer 15

Water

Spain

Question 16

Klebsiella

Answer 16

Alcholics

Question 17

Pneumocystis

Answer 17

AIDS

Immunocomprised

Question 18

Lobar Pneumonia

Answer 18

Confluent consolidation of complete lung lobe

Question 19

Bronchopneumonia

Answer 19

Infection arising in bronchi or bronchioles

Question 20

Fluid filled spaces leads to

Answer 20

consolidation

Question 21

CAP Pathology

Answer 21

Organism reaches lungs
Immune activation and infiltration
Fluid and cellular build up in alveoli leads to impaired gas exchange