pneumonia Flashcards
features
cough, SOB, fever, chest pain, haemolysis
what is the commonest organism causing CAP
strep pneumonia (pneumococcal)
assessment CAP
CURB65
what does CURB65 stand for
confusion; urea >7; RR >30; BP
investigations
CXR, FBC, U&E, biochem, CRP, sputum and blood cultures, ABG
features strep pneumonia
acute onset, prominent resp symptoms, high fever, rust coloured sputum
antibiotics for mild CAP
amoxicillin, clarithromycin or doxycycline
which antibiotic is good to use in mild if penicillin allergic
doxycycline
antibiotic treatment in moderate CAP
amoxicillin + clarithromycin or doxycyline
antibiotic treatment in severe CAP
co amoxiclav + clarithromycin
if staph CAP what can you add antibiotics
fluclox +- rifampicin
if MRSA what antibio can be given
vancomycin
what would a swinging fever imply
empyema
general complications pnuem
resp failure, sepsis
local complications pneum
empyema, effusion, abscess
what type of effusion will it be
exudative
what is an empyema
purulent fluid in the pleural space
features empyema
ongoing fever, incr inflame markers, exudative effusion.
treatment effusion/empyema
thoracocentesis
what is a lung abscess
cavity formation with fluid level
causes of lung abscess
aspiration pneumonia, TB, pneumonia- staph, klebsiella septic emboli containing staph, FB
definition hospital acquired pneum
new onset cough, purulent sputum and X ray consolidation beyond 2 days of initial admission or in healthcare setting 3 months
common organisms in HAP
pseudomonas, klebsiella, staph aureus, anaerobic (enterobacter)
what is aspiration pneumonia
acute aspiration gastric contents into the lungs
where would the material end up in the lungs in asp pneum
right middle or lower lobe, apical or post segments
what organism is implicated in immunocompromised patients
pneumocystis jiroveci
treatment pneumocystis jiroveci
co trimaxole
