pneumonia

Question 1

features

Answer 1

cough, SOB, fever, chest pain, haemolysis

Question 2

what is the commonest organism causing CAP

Answer 2

strep pneumonia (pneumococcal)

Question 3

assessment CAP

Answer 3

CURB65

Question 4

what does CURB65 stand for

Answer 4

confusion; urea >7; RR >30; BP

Question 5

investigations

Answer 5

CXR, FBC, U&E, biochem, CRP, sputum and blood cultures, ABG

Question 6

features strep pneumonia

Answer 6

acute onset, prominent resp symptoms, high fever, rust coloured sputum

Question 7

antibiotics for mild CAP

Answer 7

amoxicillin, clarithromycin or doxycycline

Question 8

which antibiotic is good to use in mild if penicillin allergic

Answer 8

doxycycline

Question 9

antibiotic treatment in moderate CAP

Answer 9

amoxicillin + clarithromycin or doxycyline

Question 10

antibiotic treatment in severe CAP

Answer 10

co amoxiclav + clarithromycin

Question 11

if staph CAP what can you add antibiotics

Answer 11

fluclox +- rifampicin

Question 12

if MRSA what antibio can be given

Answer 12

vancomycin

Question 13

what would a swinging fever imply

Answer 13

empyema

Question 14

general complications pnuem

Answer 14

resp failure, sepsis

Question 15

local complications pneum

Answer 15

empyema, effusion, abscess

Question 16

what type of effusion will it be

Answer 16

exudative

Question 17

what is an empyema

Answer 17

purulent fluid in the pleural space

Question 18

features empyema

Answer 18

ongoing fever, incr inflame markers, exudative effusion.

Question 19

treatment effusion/empyema

Answer 19

thoracocentesis

Question 20

what is a lung abscess

Answer 20

cavity formation with fluid level

Question 21

causes of lung abscess

Answer 21

aspiration pneumonia, TB, pneumonia- staph, klebsiella septic emboli containing staph, FB

Question 22

definition hospital acquired pneum

Answer 22

new onset cough, purulent sputum and X ray consolidation beyond 2 days of initial admission or in healthcare setting 3 months

Question 23

common organisms in HAP

Answer 23

pseudomonas, klebsiella, staph aureus, anaerobic (enterobacter)

Question 24

what is aspiration pneumonia

Answer 24

acute aspiration gastric contents into the lungs

Question 25

where would the material end up in the lungs in asp pneum

Answer 25

right middle or lower lobe, apical or post segments

Question 26

what organism is implicated in immunocompromised patients

Answer 26

pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 27

treatment pneumocystis jiroveci

Answer 27

co trimaxole