hepatitis Flashcards
hep A spread
faecal-oral or shellfish
incubation A
2-6 weeks
symptoms A
fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, arthralgia
tests A
ALT and AST rise 22-40d postexposure
what Ig shows recent infection hep A
IgM
what Ig is detectable for life hep A
IgG
treatment hep A
supportive, avoid alcohol. active immunisation- inactivated protein from HAV.
prognosis hep A
usually self limiting. fulminant hep rare
hep B spread
blood products, IV drug abusers, sexual, direct contact
incubation hep B
1-6m
signs hep B
similar to hep A but arthralgia and urticarial commoner
which marker is present 1-6m after infection
HBsAg- surface infection
which marker implies high infectivity hep B
HBeAg
IF HBsAg persists >6m what does this mean
carrier. occurs in 5-10% infections
what implies past hep B infection
anti-HBc
what implies hep B vaccination
anti-HBs
what test allows monitoring of response to therapy
PCR
what may be given to non immune contacts after high risk exposure
passive immunisation- specific anti-HBV Ig
treatment hep B
avoid alcohol. antivirals if chronic liver inflamm. eg PEG alfa 2a.
complications hep B
cirrhosis, HCC, fulminant hepatic failure, cholangiocarcinoma, cryoglobulinaemia
hep C spread
blood- transfusion, IV drug abuse, sexual, acupuncture
early infection hep C signs
often asymptomatic
risk factors for progression HCC hep C
male, older, higher viral load, alcohol, HIV,HBV
tests hep C
LFT, anti HCV antibodies, HCV PCR, biopsy
treatment hep C
quit alcohol
complications hep C
glomerulonephritis, cryoglobinulinaemia, thyroiditis, autoimmune hep, PAN, polymyositis
which hep being vaccinated against protects against Hep D
hep b
what can hep D cause
acute liver failure/ cirrhosis
tests hep D
anti HDV antibody
types of drugs in treatment in HCV
protease inhibitors, ribavirin, PEG interferon alpha
