Pneumocystic Flashcards
What is the new/current name of Pneumocystis carinii?
A) Pneumocystis jirovecii
B) Pneumocystis wakefieldiae
C) Pneumocystis fungi
D) Pneumocystis pneumonia
A
Pneumocystis jirovecii is classified as what type of organism?
A) Bacteria
B) Protozoa
C) Atypical fungus
D) Virus
C
What is the most common disease caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii in immunocompromised patients?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP/PJP)
C) Bronchitis
D) Lung cancer
B
What is the hallmark of Pneumocystis infection?
A) Alveolar necrosis
B) Interstitial pneumonitis with mononuclear plasma cell infiltrate
C) Lung fibrosis
D) Necrotizing granulomas
B
What is the primary mode of transmission for Pneumocystis jirovecii?
A) Direct skin contact
B) Inhalation of airborne particles
C) Ingestion of contaminated food
D) Blood transfusion
B
Which individuals are most at risk for Pneumocystis pneumonia?
A) Immunocompetent children
B) Immunocompromised individuals (e.g., AIDS patients)
C) Healthy adults
D) Pregnant women
B
What is the most common symptom of Pneumocystis pneumonia?
A) Productive cough with mucus
B) Nonproductive cough, difficulty breathing, low-grade fever
C) Sudden high fever and vomiting
D) Chest pain with hemoptysis
B
What is the infective stage of Pneumocystis jirovecii?
A) Trophozoite
B) Cyst
C) Spore
D) Hyphae
B
Which of the following is NOT an environmental reservoir for Pneumocystis jirovecii?
A) Soil
B) Water
C) Animal reservoirs
D) Human saliva
D
Which sample is most commonly used for laboratory diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia?
A) Blood sample
B) Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid
C) Urine sample
D) Stool sample
B
Which of the following is the LEAST productive specimen for diagnosing Pneumocystis pneumonia?
A) Pleural fluid
B) Induced sputum
C) Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
D) Tracheal aspirate
B
Why is it difficult to culture Pneumocystis jirovecii?
A) It requires a specific temperature range
B) It cannot grow outside the lungs
C) It is resistant to all laboratory media
D) It is a slow-growing organism
B
What histological stain gives Pneumocystis cysts a “punched-out ping-pong ball” appearance?
A) Gram stain
B) Giemsa stain
C) Gomori methenamine silver stain
D) India ink stain
C
What stain is used to detect chitin in the cell wall of Pneumocystis?
A) Calcofluor white
B) Acid-fast stain
C) Wright’s stain
D) Ziehl-Neelsen stain
A
Which stain is commonly used for detecting the nuclei of Pneumocystis organisms?
A) Gram stain
B) Giemsa stain
C) Crystal violet stain
D) PAS stain
B
Which test uses monoclonal antibodies for the detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii?
A) PCR test
B) Immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody stain
C) Acid-fast stain
D) India ink stain
B
What is the treatment of choice for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)?
A) Amphotericin B
B) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
C) Fluconazole
D) Metronidazole
B
What is another name for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?
A) Amphotericin B
B) Co-trimoxazole
C) Rifampin
D) Clindamycin
B
Which drug can be used as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia in AIDS patients?
A) Fluconazole
B) Pentamidine
C) Rifampin
D) Acyclovir
B
What is the primary function of Type I pneumocytes, which Pneumocystis jirovecii targets?
A) Surfactant production
B) Gas exchange
C) Immune response
D) Mucus secretion
B
