Agent of Yeast Flashcards
Yeasts are classified into which two groups?
A) Molds and Yeasts
B) Yeasts and Yeastlike fungi
C) Bacteria and Yeasts
D) Fungal spores and Yeast
B
Which Candida species is the most common pathogen?
A) Candida tropicalis
B) Candida albicans
C) Candida glabrata
D) Candida krusei
B
What is a major risk factor for Candida infections?
A) High carbohydrate diet
B) Weakened immune system
C) Excessive sweating
D) Poor posture
B
What morphology is typical of Candida species?
A) Hyphae only
B) Pseudohyphae and blastoconidia
C) Only yeast-like forms
D) Spore formation
B
Candida glabrata can ferment which sugar?
A) Lactose
B) Glucose
C) Trehalose
D) Sucrose
C
What is a hallmark sign of failed immunity in HIV patients?
A) Hair loss
B) Thrush
C) Skin rash
D) Fever
B
Which condition is associated with an overgrowth of Candida in the mouth?
A) Onychomycosis
B) Thrush
C) Vulvovaginitis
D) Esophagitis
B
Which test is used for the rapid identification of Candida albicans?
A) Gram stain
B) Germ tube test
C) PCR test
D) Catalase test
B
Which type of infection affects the esophagus?
A) Cryptococcosis
B) Candidal esophagitis
C) Tinea corporis
D) Aspergillosis
B
Which factor does NOT contribute to Candida overgrowth in the vagina?
A) High estrogen
B) Antibiotics
C) Low sugar intake
D) Pregnancy
C
What type of infection is Candidal diaper dermatitis?
A) Respiratory
B) Skin
C) Gastrointestinal
D) Neurological
B
What is the main function of lactobacillus in the vagina?
A) Produce vitamin K
B) Maintain pH balance
C) Break down lactose
D) Aid digestion
B
Which Candida species is the second most common?
A) Candida albicans
B) Candida glabrata
C) Candida tropicalis
D) Candida parapsilosis
B
Which condition involves a fungal infection of the nails?
A) Paronychia
B) Onychomycosis
C) Intertrigo
D) Candidemia
B
What is the primary mode of entry for Cryptococcus infection?
A) Skin contact
B) Inhalation
C) Ingestion
D) Blood transfusion
B
Which type of agar is used for differentiating Candida species?
A) Blood agar
B) MacConkey agar
C) CHROMagar Candida
D) Mannitol salt agar
C
What is a major virulence factor of Cryptococcus?
A) Capsule
B) Flagella
C) Toxin production
D) Spore formation
A
What is the common environmental reservoir of Cryptococcus?
A) Freshwater lakes
B) Pigeon droppings
C) Rotten fruit
D) Fish tanks
B
What color does Candida albicans appear on CHROMagar Candida?
A) Pink
B) Green
C) Blue
D) White
B
What is a major symptom of cryptococcal meningitis?
A) Diarrhea
B) Skin rash
C) Headache and confusion
D) Joint pain
C
What does the India ink stain detect?
A) Bacterial spores
B) Fungal capsule
C) Fungal hyphae
D) Yeast budding
B
Which condition is known as “diaper rash”?
A) Intertrigo
B) Candidal diaper dermatitis
C) Onychomycosis
D) Paronychia
B
What enzyme is responsible for Cryptococcus’ black colony appearance on Birdseed Agar?
A) Catalase
B) Phenol oxidase
C) Urease
D) Coagulase
B
What is the main antifungal treatment for systemic candidiasis?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Amphotericin B
C) Acyclovir
D) Rifampin
B
What does the term “phenotypic switching” refer to in Candida?
A) Resistance to antifungals
B) Change in morphology
C) Loss of virulence
D) Increase in size
B
Which Candida species does NOT produce pseudohyphae?
A) Candida albicans
B) Candida glabrata
C) Candida tropicalis
D) Candida krusei
B
What test is used to detect chlamydoconidia in Candida albicans?
A) Blood culture
B) Cornmeal Tween 80 Agar
C) KOH test
D) Latex agglutination
B
What is the distinguishing feature of Candida tropicalis?
A) Produces germ tubes
B) Produces “pseudo-germ tubes”
C) Cannot grow on CHROMagar
D) Encapsulated
B
What color does Candida tropicalis appear on CHROMagar?
A) Green
B) Blue
C) White
D) Yellow
B
Which diagnostic test for Cryptococcus involves detecting capsular antigen in CSF?
A) India ink stain
B) KOH mount
C) Gram stain
D) Coagulase test
A
What condition is characterized by fungal infection around the fingernail?
A) Onychomycosis
B) Paronychia
C) Thrush
D) Intertrigo
B
Which enzyme helps Cryptococcus evade the immune system?
A) Coagulase
B) Phenol oxidase
C) Urease
D) Lipase
B
Which Candida species is known for its resistance to fluconazole?
A) Candida albicans
B) Candida glabrata
C) Candida tropicalis
D) Candida krusei
D
What does a positive germ tube test indicate?
A) Presence of Candida albicans
B) Presence of Cryptococcus
C) Presence of Aspergillus
D) Presence of Dermatophytes
A
What is the primary route of transmission for Cryptococcus neoformans?
A) Skin-to-skin contact
B) Inhalation of fungal spores
C) Contaminated water
D) Ingestion of infected food
B
Which test helps differentiate between Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis?
A) Germ tube test at different temperatures
B) Blood culture
C) Gram stain
D) Coagulase test
A
What structure does Candida use to invade host tissues?
A) Flagella
B) Hyphae
C) Capsules
D) Endospores
B
Which Cryptococcus species is commonly associated with eucalyptus trees?
A) Cryptococcus neoformans
B) Cryptococcus gattii
C) Candida tropicalis
D) Candida glabrata
B
What is the primary treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?
A) Fluconazole
B) Itraconazole
C) Amphotericin B and Flucytosine
D) Nystatin
C
Which Candida species is commonly associated with urinary tract infections?
A) Candida tropicalis
B) Candida glabrata
C) Candida parapsilosis
D) Candida krusei
B
What condition does Candida cause in the intertriginous areas of the body?
A) Tinea versicolor
B) Intertrigo
C) Athlete’s foot
D) Psoriasis
B
