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BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE > PMLS > Flashcards

PMLS Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a parasite?

A

Any organism that depends on another organism for shelter and nourishment.

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2
Q

What is a host?

A

Any organism that supports a parasite?

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3
Q

What is a definitive host?

A

Harbors the adult stage of the parasite and undergoes sexual reproduction.

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4
Q

What is an intermediate host?

A

Harbors the larval form

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5
Q

What do you mean by mode of transmission?

A

How a parasite successfully enters a susceptible host.

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6
Q

What are pathogenic parasites?

A

Disease-causing parasites.

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7
Q

What are nonpathogenic parasites?

A

Do not harm the host.

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8
Q

What is an endoparasite?

A

Found inside the body of a host.
causes an infection.

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9
Q

What is an ectoparasite?

A

Thrives externally on a host, causes infestation.

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10
Q

What is Eosinophilia?

A

Increase in eosinophil count, presence of charcot-leyden cyrstals.

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11
Q

Is Amoeba a major group of medically-important parasites?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What is Entamoeba histolytica?

A

only pathogenic amoeba in the GIT
causes amoebic colitis and intestinal amoebiases.

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13
Q

What is amoebic colitis?

A

abdominal cramping, anorexia, fatigue and diarrhea

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14
Q

Intestinal amoebiasis

A

manifests as dysentery

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15
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Entamoeba histolytica?

A

infective cysts passed in the stool/feces

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16
Q

How do we diagnose the presence of Entamoeba histolytica?

A

Stool exam

17
Q

Are Flagellates a major group of medically-important parasites?

A

Yes

18
Q

What are flagellates?

A

with whip-like structures, demonstrates trophozoites, not all are capable of encystation

19
Q

What are the flagellates that are not capable of encystation?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis
T.hominis
T.tenax
D.fragilis

20
Q

These flagellates specifically hemoflagellates thrive in the small intestine.

A

Trypanosoma spp.
Leishmania spp.

21
Q

What is Giardia lamblia?

A

It is a parasite that causes Giardiasis.

22
Q

What is Giardiasis?

A

It is a disease caused by Giardia lamblia that exhibits acute diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss.

23
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Giardia lamblia?

A

ingestion of contaminated food and water.

24
Q

What is the test to diagnose the presence of Giardia lamblia?

A

Stool exam

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE (15 decks)

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