PML 4 Ecological approach Flashcards
Ecological approach
perception and action are direct
- no internal representations/process needed
- information is meaningfull
How is information called in the ecological approach
As structed patterns of energy. structered by objects, events and places
What’s perceived in the environment?
Affordances
Specifity of information (2)
- environment specifies information
- information specifies perception
Time-to-contact
relation between observer and environment (/object)
Law of control
how information and movement are coupled
when do you set up a law of control?
Producing an action implies to start a law of control. a lawful coupling between movement and information
Affordance
opportunities that the environment offers to an observer for action
What is the process of learning in the ecological approach?
Discovering the affordance. Creating a information-movement coupling, so set up a law of control
Education of attention/attunement
converge from non-specifying varbiable to specifying variables. (change in information use)
Calibration
the relation between movement and information variables changes with learning
video occlusion paradigm
Indicates education of attention, use of different information depending on the skill level
experts use early information from the opponent’s movement. beginners rely on ball flight.
In situ
study performed in a representative situation. real action is performed
4 reasons why video training does not improve expertise
- no direct link/relation between perception and action
- no information on ball flight
- doesn’t engage the dorsal system
- minimum variablity in the stimuli present
Ventral system
perceiving the affordance
Dorsal system
control the movement to realise the affordance
education of attention
improve the precision of behavior by specifying the information in the environment and couple this to movement
specifying variables
informs perfect about the environment
non-specifying variables
not specific
What is perception of affordance?
The pick up for information
Benefits of the external focus of attention
- the information is available in the relation between organism-environment
- focus is outward so that supports the focus of information-movement couplings and thus performance
Perception in the ecological approach is direct or indirect?
direct
convergence
change from less usefull to more usefull information variables
