PML 3 - Neuropsychological approach

Question 1

Neuropsychological Approach

Answer 1

Internal brain structures that underpin perception and action.

Question 2

Control based learning theory (Cobalt)

Answer 2

Motor learning growns out of motor control

Question 3

Motor control

Answer 3

processes that support planning and execution of movements

Question 4

Motor learning

Answer 4

increasing spatial and temporal accuracy/correctness of movement with practice

Question 5

The four control processes of control based learning

Answer 5

1. strategic
2. Perceptual-motor integration
3. Sequencing
4. Dynamic

Question 6

3 control principles of Cobalt

Answer 6

1. Neural seperability
2. Disperate representations
3. Dual mode

Question 7

Neural seperability

Answer 7

Control processes are supported by differend brain structures

Question 8

disperate representations

Answer 8

control processes entail distinct representations

Question 9

Dual mode

Answer 9

motor skills can be learned and executed in two modes

Question 10

Two-visual system model

Answer 10

a parallel model for perception and action

Question 11

Allocentric space

Answer 11

relative to surroundings

Question 12

egocentric space

Answer 12

relative to the body

Question 13

What are the two dual modes

Answer 13

conscious and unconscious

Question 14

Conscious

Answer 14

explicit
learning by strategic process
allocentric

Question 15

unconscious

Answer 15

implicit
egocentric

Question 16

Serial Reaction Time task (SRT)

Answer 16

Dependent on response time
implicit learning: unaware.
RT decrease slowly

Question 17

Verbal-cognitive phase

Answer 17

controlled process
attention demanding
declarative knowledge

Question 18

autonomous phase

Answer 18

automatic
low attention
procedural knowledge (used to unconsciously plan)

Question 19

Working Memory

Answer 19

keep and manipulate different types of information
(explicit learning)

Question 20

Phonological loop

Answer 20

auditory and verbal information

Question 21

visual-spatial sketch path

Answer 21

visual and spatial information

Question 22

Higher verbal working memory profits from

Answer 22

multiple instructions

Question 23

lower verbal working memory degrades from

Answer 23

multiple instructions

Question 24

implicit learning

Answer 24

improve perceptual-motor integration and sequencing in the unconscious mode

Question 25

perceptual-motor integration

Answer 25

translate environmental goal into spatial target

Question 26

sequencing

Answer 26

ordering spatial target

Question 27

strategic (control process)

Answer 27

identifying and selecting environmental goal

Question 28

dynamic (control proces)

Answer 28

transforming spatial targets into muscle activity patterns

Question 29

Pro’s implicit learning ()

Answer 29

• skip verbal-cognitive phase
• less attention demanding
• no working memory
• unconscious
• no buildup declarative knowledge

Question 30

declarative knowledge

Answer 30

knowing what to do, facts, principles

Question 31

procedural knowledge

Answer 31

proces of how to do it, how to performe a task

Question 32

How does the performance look like after implicit learning?

Answer 32

• more durable, less prone to forget
• more robus against pressure, fatigue and dual tasking

Question 33

Dual task

Answer 33

Overloading the working memory

Question 34

Methods implicit learning

Answer 34

• dual tasking
• analogy/methaphor
• errorless learning

Question 35

Environmental goals are coded in … space

Answer 35

Allocentric space, depends on vision

Question 36

Spatial/movement goals are coded in … space

Answer 36

egocentric space, depends on proprioception

Question 37

What mechanisms of motor skill learning proposes Willingham?

Answer 37

The 4 processes of the controlled based theory.

So:
- strategic, perceptial-motor integration, sequencing and dynamic.
- Selecting more effective environmental goals, selecting new spatial goals
repeating a sequence, learning new relationship between spatial egocentric and muscle activation patterns

Question 38

Ventral system

Answer 38

What
visual perception
conscious

Question 39

Dorsal system

Answer 39

how
automatic actions
unconscious

Question 40

double dissociation

Answer 40

two distinct functions being supportive by two distinct neural substrates. requirement of neural seperability