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JORGE VPH > PM Inspection > Flashcards

PM Inspection Flashcards

1
Q

What are you looking for during a post-mortem inspection?

A

Diseases
Residues or contaminants
Contamination
Animal welfare concerns
Carcasses unfit for human consumption

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2
Q

What are the legislations regarding post-mortem inspections

A

2017/625 and 2019/627
- purpose, procedures and decisions
H2: Regulation (EC) 853/2004
- FBO standards

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3
Q

Who performs PM inspections?

A

Meat hygiene inspector
OV (emergency slaughter or unusual conditions)

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4
Q

What separate sections undergo a post-mortem inspection?

A

Head
Carcase
Offal:
- green (stomach, intestines)
- Red (lungs, heart, liver)

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5
Q

Describe the PM inspection procedure in pigs

A

Visual inspection procedures (if normal at AM)
Further inspection procedures (if marked or AM or during PM)

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6
Q

What findings during a visual inspection of a pig during PM would lead to further inspection?

A

multiple abscesses
enlarged lymph nodes (suspect TB)
anaemia
badly bled
contamination with gut content
emaciation
oedema
erysipelas (skin infection)
generalised TB
Tumours
Melanosis (hyperpigmentation)
Jaundice

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7
Q

What are the possible outcomes of a PM inspection?

A

OV/MHI can:
- pass meat as fit for human consumption
- declare the meat as unfit for human consumption
- detain the meat for further examination

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8
Q

Which parts of the cattle head should always be checked post-mortem?

A

Lymph nodes (esp. retropharyngeal) - commonly find bovine TB
Masseter muscle - check for cysticercus bovis

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9
Q

What is the outcome of finding taenia saginata/cysticercus bovis in a cattle head post-mortem

A

If generalised - condemnation
If localised - partial rejection plus freezing

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10
Q

Describe the lesions typically found post-mortem as a result of bovine TB

A

Cream/yellow
granulomatous calcified/purulent material
Retropharyngeal l.n., lungs, bronchial and mediastinal l.n.

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11
Q

If bovine TB is detected PM who should be notified?

A

APHA (notifiable disease)

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12
Q

What is the outcome of a actinomycosis (lumpy jaw) found post-mortem?

A

head is rejected

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13
Q

What is the outcome of a actinobacillosis (wooden tongue) found post-mortem?

A

tongue rejected

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14
Q

Describe the appearance of the fat found on normal hearts post-mortem

A

Swine - soft and greasy due to olein
Bovine and ovine - crispy due to stearin

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15
Q

What are common PM findings that would lead to rejection of the heart?

A

Pericarditis
Endocarditis
C.ovis (T.ovis)
C.bovis (T.saginata)
C.cellulosae (T.solium)

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16
Q

What are some common findings PM that would cause lungs to be rejected?

A

Pneumonia
Pleurisy
Lungworm
Abscesses

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17
Q

Describe the normal appearance of swine lungs

A

2-3 L lobes
3-4 R lobes
Marked surface lobulation
Accessory bronchus to R lobe

18
Q

Describe the normal appearance of ovine lungs

A

Indistinct lobulation
3 L lobes
4 R lobes

19
Q

Describe the normal appearance of bovine lungs

A

3 L lobes
4 R lobes
3 main bronchi
distinct lobulation

20
Q

Describe the normal appearance of swine liver

A

5 lobes
clearly demarcated polyhedral lobules with interlobular connective tissue
leathery surface
teardrop shaped gall bladder

21
Q

Describe the normal appearance of bovine liver

A

3 lobes (L, R, caudate)
renal impression at base of caudate lobe
hepatic lymph nodes surround portal opening
pear shaped gall bladder

22
Q

Describe the normal appearance of ovine liver

A

3 lobes
cigar shaped gall bladder

23
Q

What are common PM findings on the liver of pig that would cause it to be rejected?

A

Milk spot (A.suum)
abscesses
hyatid cysts (hydatidosis)
fasciola hepatica (distomatosis)
C. tenuicollis
necrosis

24
Q

What are common PM findings on the liver of cattle and sheep that would cause it to be rejected?

A

abscesses
fasciola hepatica (distomatosis)
C. tenuicollis
hyatid cysts (hydatidosis)
necrosis
bTB

25
Q

Describe the normal appearance of swine kidneys

A

Bean
flat and elongated
10+ renal papillae
renal pelvis

26
Q

Describe the normal appearance of bovine kidneys

A

R side held tight to body, L loose
Red/brown
15-20 lobules

27
Q

Describe the normal appearance of ovine kidneys

A

R side held tight to body, L loose
Red/brown

28
Q

What are some common findings PM that would cause kidneys to be rejected?

A

congenital cysts
nephritis
ASF/CSF - ND (african/central swine fever)

29
Q

Describe the normal appearance of swine spleen

A

tongue/strap shaped
omentum attached to longitudinal ridge

30
Q

Describe the normal appearance of bovine spleen

A

flat and oval outline
blue/red
attached to rumen

31
Q

Describe the normal appearance of ovine spleen

A

flat and oval/triangular
attached to rumen

32
Q

What PM findings could cause a spleen to be rejected

A

rare
TB lesions (granular nodules)
abscesses
haemorrhage
hyatid cyst

33
Q

What is the outcome of offal found with peritonitis?

A

full rejection of carcass

34
Q

What are common conditions found PM on carcasses?`

A

arthritis
skin lesions (erysipelas)
contamination

35
Q

In what situations are arthritic joints rejected?

A

if synovial fluid contains pus

36
Q

What conditions cause full carcase condemnation?

A

Emaciation
Jaundice
Fevered (septicaemia/toxaemia)
Dead on arrival, Dead in lairage, unborn
Generalised oedema
Pyemia (sepsis)
abnormal colours
no AM (ante-mortem)

37
Q

What are the findings of an emaciated carcase?

A

Shrunken
pale/wet muscles
prominent connective tissue
scare/soft/slimy fat
enlarged/watery lymph nodes

38
Q

Apart from disease, what can cause jaundice of a carcase?d

A

grass fed

39
Q

What does a septicaemic carcase look like?

A

dark red

40
Q

At what age must a sheep spinal cord be removed?

A

12 months

41
Q

Who is allowed to health mark carcasses?

A

OV
MHI/FBO (if under OV supervision)

JORGE VPH (6 decks)

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