Pleura Flashcards

1
Q

What does the pleura consist of?

A

Visceral pleura
Parietal pleura

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2
Q

What does the parietal pleura line?

A

Inner wall of the chest cavity (ribs, sternum and mediastinum)

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3
Q

What does the visceral pleura line?

A

Adherent to the lung tissue

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4
Q

What separates the visceral and parietal pleural?

A

Pleural cavity filled with a thin film of pleural fluid.

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5
Q

How does the visceral pleura fit to the lungs?

A

Fits tightly following all surfaces including lining inside fissures

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6
Q

Which layer of the pleura is sensitive to pain?

A

Parietal pleura

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7
Q

Which nerves supply pain sensation to the pleura?

A

Intercostal nerves and the phrenic nerve

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8
Q

How can the parietal pleura be sub divided?

A

Depending on its location within the thoracic cavity
- Mediastinal pleura
- Diaphragmatic pleura (superior surface of diaphragm)
- Costal pleura (inner surfaces of ribs and sternum)
- Apical pleura (apex of the lungs)

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9
Q

What is a pleural reflection?

A

The point where the parietal pleura lining one surface of the chest wall changes direction to line another surface.
**It reflects back on itself

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10
Q

Give 2 examples of pleural reflection

A

Costodiaphragmatic (costophrenic) reflection
Costomediastinal reflection

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11
Q

What is a pleural recess?

A

Where the parietal pleura is more widely separated from the visceral pleura during expiration forming a pleural recess (space)

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12
Q

What are 2 examples of pleural recesses?

A

Costodiaphragmatic (costophrenic) recess or angle
Costomediastinal recess

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13
Q

What is the clinical relevance of pleural recesses?

A

Needle aspiration of excessing accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
(pleural effusion)

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14
Q

What is the parietal pleura sensitive to?

A

Pain
Pressure
Temperature
Touch

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the visceral pleura?

A

AUTONOMIC INNERVATION via the pulmonary plexus .
Vagus = sympathetic and parasympathetic supply

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16
Q

What is the visceral pleura innervated for?

A

Stretch and is insensitive to pain