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Peds exam 2 > Play and Hospitalization > Flashcards

Play and Hospitalization Flashcards

1
Q

what are some goals for play in the hospital

A

aide in coping, reduce negative effects of being in the hospital, optimal development, normal living patterns, essential life experiences to help the child gain a sense of mastery over stressful experiences (they want to be independent)

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2
Q

what ages are the most vulnerable to medical encounters

A

6 months - 4 years

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3
Q

what is erkisons stage for infants

A

trust vs mistrust - they need to be able to trust that primary needs will be met

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4
Q

what is piagets stage for infant

A

sensiormotor - learn everything through their senses

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5
Q

what are some stressors seen in infants in the hospital

A

separation from parent, changes in routine, unfamiliar environment, pain, parental stress level (they feed off of the parent), loss of postural support

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6
Q

how do infants like to play

A

want stuff they can put in their mouth, colorful, musical, visually stimulating, objects from home, rattles, peek a boo

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7
Q

what are some expected reactions from an infant in the hospital

A

crying, screaming, reject contact with strangers, withdraw, despair, detachment, uncooperative, physical resistance to pain

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8
Q

what are some things that can be done to help an infant in the hospital

A

involve parents, leave a item with the parents scent, encourage oral stimulation, keep routines, respond to infant cues, accommodations for parents, promote growth and development

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9
Q

what is eriksons stage for toddlers

A

autonomy vs shame and doubt - completing tasks on their own

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10
Q

what is piagets stage for toddlers

A

preoperational phase - imitating and symbolic representation

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11
Q

how do toddlers like to play

A

give them options, familiar toys, watching favorite TV/movies, stacking blocks, reading books with adults, play dough, throwing/kicking a ball,

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12
Q

what are some stressors for toddlers in the hospital

A

separation from parent, unfamiliar environment, forced regression (were potty trained now they are not), sensitive to excess stimulation, pain, immobility or restriction (having to be help down), loss of routine

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13
Q

what are some expected reactions from a toddler in the hospital

A

crying, screaming, physical protest (hitting, kicking), withdrawn, detachment, temper tantrums, uncooperative (verbal), physcial resistance to pain

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14
Q

how can toddlers be helped in the hospital

A

parent involvement, get down on their level (towering over them is intimidating), offer choices, allow opportunities for exploration, allow opportunities for play and gross motor activity, set limits, keep medical interventions short, provide distractions, identify feelings (validate that way their feeling is okay), encourage routine

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15
Q

what is erkisons stage for preschoolers

A

initiative vs guilt - creating and succeeding by self

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16
Q

what is piaget stage for preschoolers

A

can see more then one factor, perception vs logical

17
Q

what are some stressors seen in preschoolers in the hospital

A

separation from parents, unfamiliar environments, equipment may be scary (have increased imagination), pain, fear of loss of control, idea of bodily mutualization, multiple caregivers, loss of perceived choices

18
Q

what are some expected reactions from preschoolers in the hospital

A

crying, protesting less physical (procrastinating), displaced feelings, behavior regression, dependency on caregivers, aggression and anger, temper tantrums, guilt or shame feeling, physiologic response

19
Q

what are some things that can be done to help preschoolers in the hospital

A

maximize parental involvement, offer real choices and control (not - do you want to get your IV bc they will say no instead say would you rather get your IV on the bed or while you sit on moms lap), facilitate medical play, provide simple explantations, be honest, allow opportunities for self expression and play

20
Q

how do preschoolers like to play

A

counting, board games, building blocks, puppets, cutting with scissors, hammering toys, play dough, playing house

21
Q

what is erkisons stage for school age

A

industry vs inferiority - self awareness and logical reasoning competition with peers developmental of self confidence

22
Q

what is piagets stage for school age

A

concrete operational phase - logical though step by step

23
Q

what are some stressors for school age in hospital

A

fear of body injury and mutualization, pain, loss of choices/ independence, loss of control, separation from parents/peers, modesty issue, fear of death/not waking up

24
Q

what are some expected reactions from school age in the hospital

A

acting out, cognitive mastery, guilt, behavior regression (whinning), depression, withdrawn, passively accepting pain, rigidly holding still, attempts to be brave, postponing events (procrastinating)

25
Q

how can school age kids be helped in the hospital

A

positive rapport, be honest (tell them how long it will hurt), talk to the patient not just the parent, give option to learn more, offer opportunities for peer interaction and play, point out the positives in coping and involvement

26
Q

how do school age children like to play

A

card/board games, reading, puzzels, cooking, group activities with peers, sculpting, journaling

27
Q

what is erkisons stage for teens

A

identity vs role confusion - development of sexual and personal identity

28
Q

what is piagets stage for teens

A

formal operations - abstract reasoning, can imagine and develop hypothesis

29
Q

what are some stressors for teens in the hospital

A

enforced dependency on adults, pain, fear of unknown, non-acceptance by peers, privacy/modesty issues, trust of medical personnel, idea of body image changes, separation from family and peers

30
Q

what are some expected reactions for teens in the hospital

A

rejection, uncooperativeness, withdrawn, self-assertion, overconfidence, may capitalize on gains from pain, intellectualization, conformity, defense mechanisms

31
Q

how can we help teens in the hospital

A

empower, value and encourage independence, give control, collaborate with them, be honest with eachother

32
Q

how do teens like to play

A

playing card/board/video games, watching tv, group activities with peers, writing stories

33
Q

what is Diversional/recreational play

A

commonly used for personal enjoyment, to combat boredom, and to facilitate normalization

34
Q

what is Developmentally supportive play

A

supports any and all aspects of the child’s development

35
Q

what is Therapeutic play

A

facilitates expression, coping and mastery of the healthcare experience and helps to facilitate achievement of healthcare goals

Peds exam 2 (8 decks)

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