Plate Tectonics Final

Question 1

Viscous

Answer 1

Thick and sticky liquid

Question 2

Volume

Answer 2

The space an object occupies

Question 3

Sea floor

Answer 3

Bottom of an ocean

Question 4

Mantle

Answer 4

Middle layer of the Earth

Question 5

Crust

Answer 5

Rocky outermost layer of the Earth

Question 6

Core

Answer 6

Extremely hot center of Earth

Question 7

Discontinuities

Answer 7

Area between Earth’s interior layers

Question 8

1/2 discontinuities

Answer 8

1. Mohorivicic - between crust and mantle

Question 9

2/2 discontinuities

Answer 9

Gutenberg - between mantle and core

Question 10

List 4 aspects of the lithosphere

Answer 10

1. It’s earths crust and mantle
2. Forms crust-8 miles down
3. Broken into giant plates
4. Plates rest on some fluid part of mantle called asthenosphere

Question 11

Prefix “pan” =

Answer 11

All

Question 12

“Gaea” =

Answer 12

Land

Question 13

“Thalas” =

Answer 13

Ocean

Question 14

Pangea =

Answer 14

All land

Question 15

Panthalassa =

Answer 15

All ocean

Question 16

6 aspects of the asthenosphere

Answer 16

1. Lies below lithosphere
2. Upper part of mantle
3. Begins at 75mi - 125mi
4. Partially molten rock
5. Asthenes’ in Greek means “weak”
6. Can be pushed and formed like silly puddy

Question 17

Geologists have used two main types of evidence to learn about earths interior:

Answer 17

1. Direct evidence from rock samples

2. Indirect evidence from seismic waves

Question 18

Direct evidence from rock samples

Answer 18

Rocks drilled from deep inside the earth allow geologists to make inferences about conditions

Question 19

Indirect evidence from seismic waves

Answer 19

Seismic waves produced by scientists to measure the speed in which they travel giving clues to the structure of the planet

Question 20

Three main layers of the earth vary greatly in size, composition, temperature, and pressure. They are:

Answer 20

1. The crust
2. The mantle
3. The core

Question 21

List 4 aspects of the crust

Answer 21

1. Layer of solid rock that forms earths outer “skin”
2. Includes both dry land and sea floor
3. Oceanic crust consists mostly of basalt
4. Continental crust, or the crust that forms the continents, consists mainly of grain

Question 22

List 3 aspects of the mantle

Answer 22

1. Layer of solid, hot rock 40 kilometers beneath earths surface
2. Divided into 3 layers:
3. The layers are the lithosphere , asthenosphere, and the lower mantle

Question 23

Lithosphere

Answer 23

Upper most part of the mantle - about 100 kilometers thick

Question 24

Asthenosphere

Answer 24

Softer part of the mantle beneath the lithosphere which is harder and under increased pressure

Question 25

Lower mantle

Answer 25

Solid material extending all the way to earths core

Question 26

List 3 aspects of the core

Answer 26

1. Made mostly of the metals iron and Nickel
2. Consists of 2 parts, the outer and inner core
3. Movement of liquid outer core created earths magnetic field

Question 27

To explain how heat moves from Earths core through the mantle, you need to know how heat is transferred. There are 3 types of heat transfer:

Answer 27

1. Radiation
2. Conduction
3. Convection

Question 28

What is the transfer of energy through empty space? ( has no direct contact between heat source and object)

Answer 28

Radiation - example sunlight warming earths surface

Question 29

Heat transfer by direct contact of particals of mater

Answer 29

Conduction - ex spoon heating up in a pot of soup

Question 30

Transfer of heat by the movement of a heated fluid - caused by differences of temperature and density within a fluid

Answer 30

Convection

Question 31

Density

Answer 31

Measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance - ex heating water on a stove

Question 32

Convection current

Answer 32

The flow that transfers heat