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Cell Structure And Function > Plasma Membrane > Flashcards

Plasma Membrane Flashcards

1
Q

How is genetic material arranged in eukaryotic cells?

A

Into chromosomes and enclosed in a nuclear envelope

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2
Q

Do eukaryotic cell have a complex cytoskeleton?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What structures are unique to plant cells?

A

Chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall

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4
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

In the stacks of thylakoid called the grana.

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5
Q

What is the role of vacuoles?

A

Store various chemicals and play a part in cell growth

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6
Q

What is a plant cell wall made of?

A

Cellulose in a polysaccharide matrix (composed of hemicellulose and pectin)

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7
Q

Describe the nucleus

A

Contains most of the genes
Double membrane
Site of synthesis of mRNA

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8
Q

What does chromatin condense to?

A

Chromosomes

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9
Q

What is the structure of the plasma membrane?

A

Lipid and protein molecules held together by non covalent interactions- fluid mosaic

Made up of phospholipids, cholesterol and glycolipids

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10
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A

Controls entry of nutrient and exit of waste products
Impermeable barrier to most water soluble molecules
Lipid molecules freely diffuse

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11
Q

In aqueous environments what do lipids usually form?

A

Bilayers or micelles

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12
Q

Can a lipid bilayer self repair?

A

Yes

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13
Q

What does the fluidity of a particular membrane depend upon?

A

Its lipid composition

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14
Q

Whats the role of lipids in the membrane?

A

Allows lipids to freely diffuse

Fluidity of membrane

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15
Q

Whats the role of proteins in the plasma membrane?

A

Transport proteins
Receptor sites
Structural roles
Cell junctions

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16
Q

Whats the role of carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

A

Important in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix recognition
Infection mechanisms

17
Q

Describe the process of endocytosis

A

Cells take in materials

This can be done via pinocytosis, phagocytosis or receptor mediated endocytosis

18
Q

Describe the process of exocytosis

A

Material is exported from the cell

Involves fusion of vesicles from interior of the cell with the plasma membrane

19
Q

Why is exocytosis important?

A

In secretion of proteins eg hormones, collagen and mucus

20
Q

Why is endocytosis important?

A

Deliver drugs into cells

21
Q

What is pinocytosis?

A

Endocytosis where cells infold parts of their plasma membrane to take up extracellular fluid in small vesicles

22
Q

What is phagocytosis?

A

Endocytosis where insoluble material is taken up

23
Q

What is receptor mediated endocytosis?

A

Binding of macromolecules to specific cell surface receptors which triggers endocytosis

Cell Structure And Function (10 decks)

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