Plaque, Materia Alba, Calculus Flashcards by Sydney Luella

clinical appearance of fresh plaque

transparent, stains pink

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

clinical appearance of mature plaque

fur-like, stains red

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

on individual teeth, plaque is heaviest on the ____ third of the tooth

cervical

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

true or false? plaque does not form on restoration and appliances

false, it does form on these surfaces

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

composition of plaque in terms of bacteria and extracellular matrix/slime layer

1/3 = bacteria
2/3 = extracellular matrix/slime layer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

extracellular polysaccharides, provides a food source for bacteria, adds bulk to extracellular matrix/slime layer

dextran

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

acquired pellicle: _____ film that covers the surfaces of teeth; consists of _____ _____

organic, salivary glycoproteins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

plaque formation process

acquired plaque pellicle forms
initial attachment of bacterial
initial colonization
secondary colonization/multiplication
matrix formation
growth/maturation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

plaque formation process mnemonic

Always Investigate Interesting Super Mario Games

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how do bacteria attach during the initial attachment of bacteria in plaque formation?

via fimbriae

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

in the first 2 days of plaque formation, mostly gram ____ bacteria are present

positive

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

characteristics of gram positive bacteria

thick, single-celled wall; stain purple

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

characteristics of gram negative bacteria

double-celled wall, stain red

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

bacteria that can live with OR without oxygen

facultative anaerobic bacteria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

purpose of acquired pellicle

protect enamel from acids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

production of extracellular slime layer occurs in the _th stage of plaque formation which is _____________

4th; secondary colonization/multiplication

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a colony of plaque blooms into a ____ shape during the ______________ stage of plaque formation

mushroom, growth and maturation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

supragingival plaque characteristics 
\_\_\_\_ m/o
source = \_\_\_\_
bacteria type = \_\_\_\_\_
attached to \_\_\_\_ surface

aerobic
saliva
streptococci
tooth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

subgingival plaque
\_\_\_\_\_ m/o
source = \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_
bacteria type = \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_, motile forms
attached in \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_ ways

anaerobic
gingival fluid
complex flora
adherent/nonadherent

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

adherent plaque is attached to the…

tooth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

nonadherent plaque is attached to the…

sulcular epithelium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

clinical appearance of materia alba

white, bulky, curd-like, loosely connected, heavy accumulation, visible without staining

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

most common locations of materia alba

along gumline, gingival margin of tooth, gingival tissue, restorations, forms over calculus/plaque

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

contributing factors to materia alba formation

malalignment, soft diet, poor oral hygiene

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

materia alba is a mushy accumulation of....

bacteria, desquamated epithelial cells, leukocytes, salivary proteins, food particles

plaque has a ______ pattern/structure; materia alba has a _______ pattern structure

definite, nondefinite

true or false? materia alba is a product of accumulation, not of bacterial growth

true

ways to remove materia alba

rinsing (unlike plaque), brush/floss, professionally

differences of plaque vs. materia alba (be sure to come up w specifics on your own)

removal/attachment, occurrence, composition, appearance

similarities of plaque vs. materia alba (be sure to come up w specifics on your own)

distribution, pathologic potential

Forceful wedging of food into the periodontium by occlusal/lateral forces

food impaction

food impaction generally ends up _____ ____

between teeth

food remaining on teeth and oral mucosa that has not been affected by the self cleansing nature of the oral cavity

food retention

how to remove impacted food

mechanical removal

how to remove retained food

rinsing or mechanical removal

supragingival calculus is | irregular or regular?

irregular

supragingival calculus is | typically what color?

yellow-ish white, chalky white when dried with air

subgingival calculus is ____, ____ deposit. Feels like a ___ or ____ on tooth.

hard, tenacious, ledge, ring

subgingival calculus is typically what color?

dark green-brown-black

common areas for supragingival calculus

above gingival margin, Li of Mn anterior, Bu Mx molars, crowded teeth

common areas for subgingival calculus

apical/below gingival margin, most often on root surfaces

composition of calculus ___% inorganic ___% organic

70-90%, 10-30%

types of attachment for calculus (3)

attachment via... - means of pellicle - irregularities in tooth surface - direct contact with calcified component

attachment by means of pellicle: on _____ surfaces, removed ____ due to attachment is on surface of pellicle

enamel, easily

attachment to irregularities in tooth surface: cracks, groove, tiny openings left where _____ _____ _____ detached, calculus removal can be ______

periodontal ligament fibers, difficult

attachment by direct contact of the calcified component: calculus is interlocked with the ____ _____ of the tooth, ______ to remove due to firmly _____ in the tooth surface

inorganic crystals, difficult, interlocked

can patients remove calculus on their own?

no, calculus must be professionally removed

ways to decrease plaque/calculus build-up

flossing daily, Bass brushing, tartar control toothpaste, attending dental cleanings

is calculus calcified pellicle or calcified plaque?

BOTH can happen

rapid calculus formers can form calculus in as few as ___ days, due to a higher salivary concentration of _______ and _________

10, calcium, phosphate

slow calculus formers can form calculus in about ___ days, due to a higher salivary concentration of __________

20, pyrophosphate

effects of calculus on caries and gingival health

caries: none (no m/o present) | gingival health: cause irritation in gingiva, "toxin waste dump," makes plaque control difficult

true or false: calculus is a local contributing factor for periodontal disease

true

ideal for calculus control

control plaque to control calculus

source of calcium/phosphate for supragingival calculus

saliva

source of calcium/phosphate for subgingival calculus

gingival/crevicular fluid

is the inorganic content higher in supra- or subgingival calculus?

subgingival calculus

true or false? calculus does not form on artificial teeth/appliances, only natural teeth

false, it can form on both

comparison of plaque v. calculus: is m/o alive or dead?

plaque: alive m/o calculus: dead m/o

comparison of plaque v. calculus: mineralized or non-mineralized deposit?

plaque: non-mineralized calculus: mineralized

comparison of plaque v. calculus: removal

plaque: brushing/flossing, professionally calculus: only professionally removed

at what stage does the extracellular slime layer get created in plaque formation?

secondary colonization/multiplication stage