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Clinical Applications I > Periodontium, Cementum, Alveolar Bone > Flashcards

Periodontium, Cementum, Alveolar Bone Flashcards

1
Q

arrangement of principal fibers that support the teeth

A

periodontal ligament

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2
Q

the periodontal ligament is located between the ____ and the ______ ____.

A

cementum, alveolar bone

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3
Q

typical shape of the periodontal ligament

A

hourglass

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4
Q

how wide is the periodontal ligament?

A

approximately 0.15-0.25 mm

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5
Q

the periodontal ligament is _____ at the center of the root

A

narrow

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6
Q

when the periodontal ligament is not in function, it is…

A

thinner, disorganized

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7
Q

when the periodontal ligament is in over function, it is…

A

thick, wide PDL

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8
Q

in terms of periodontal ligament thickness, is the PDL widest at the mesial or the distal?

A

distal

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9
Q

true or false? the PDL progressively decreases with age

A

true

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10
Q

true or false? the PDL is always in a state of remodeling

A

true

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11
Q

6 principal group fibers of the PDL

A

alveolar crest, horizontal, oblique, apical, interradicular, transseptal

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12
Q

alveolar crest fibers run in _____ direction, counterbalance ____ thrust

A

apical, coronal

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13
Q

Horizontal fibers run in _______ direction, resist _____ pressure

A

horizontal, lateral

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14
Q

oblique fibers run in the ______ direction, resist _____ forces

A

oblique, vertical/apical

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15
Q

which PDL fibers cover 80-85% of the cementum?

A

oblique fibers

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16
Q

apical fibers are at the ____ of the root, resist ____ forces and removal of tooth from socket

A

apex, tilting

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17
Q

interradicular fibers present in the ______ (only present in ___-rooted teeth), resist ____ forces

A

furcations, multi, tilting

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18
Q

terminal ends of principal fibers (in bone AND cementum)

A

Sharpey’s fibers

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19
Q

the purpose of Sharpey’s fibers are to help maintain ____ because of attachment in ___ and _____.

A

support, bone, cementum

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20
Q

true or false? Fibroblasts only have a “building” function (“blast” activity only)

A

false. Fibroblasts have both “blast” (building up) and “clast” (destruction) functions

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21
Q

cells that generate cementum; cells that degenerate cementum

A

cementoblasts, cementoclasts

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22
Q

cells that generate bone; cells that degenerate bone

A

osteoblasts; osteoclasts

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23
Q

primary functions of the periodontal ligament

A

supportive, nutritive, formative, resorptive, sensory

24
Q

composition of cementum: ___% organic, ___% inorganic

A

50-55% organic, 45-50% inorganic

25
Q

functions of cementum

A

anchor for Sharpey’s fibers, covers dentin, compensates for tooth wear/continual eruption

26
Q

CEJ types
__% cementum overlaps enamel
__% cementum and enamel do not meet
__% cementum and enamel meet end-to-end

A

60, 10, 30

27
Q 
CELLULAR CEMENTUM
\_\_\_\_ half
Less \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_
Thinner or thicker?
More/less calcified than acellular?
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ present
Width increase with age? T/F?
A 
Apical
Sharpey’s fibers
Thicker
Less calcified
Cementocytes 
True, width DOES increase with age
28
Q 
ACELLULAR CEMENTUM
\_\_\_\_ half
Mainly \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_
Thinner or thicker?
More \_\_\_\_\_
No \_\_\_\_\_\_ present
Width does not increase with age? T/F?
A 
Coronal
Sharpey’s fibers
Thinner
Calcified
Cementocytes 
False, it does not change in width w/ age
29
Q

formation of cementum on the root surface (blast cells)

A

deposition

30
Q

deposition of cementum ___ the PDL space

A

maintains

31
Q

removal of cementum on root surfaces (clast cells)

A

resorption

32
Q

exposed cementum can lead to…

A

hypersensitivity

33
Q

periodontal disease process destroys ____ and alters _____

A

attachment, cementum

34
Q

toothbrush abrasion ____ cementum

A

destroys

35
Q

true or false? the cementum cannot have a caries lesion

A

false, it can

36
Q

____ can cause exposure of cementum, which can lead to sensitivity, periodontal disease, and cemental caries.

A

recession

37
Q

spaces where the root fits into (tooth socket)

A

alveoli

38
Q

all bone

A

alveolar bone/alveolar process

39
Q

bone adjacent to the root

A

alveolar bone proper

40
Q

other names for alveolar bone proper

A

cribriform plate, lamina dura

41
Q

all other bone (including cortical plates/bones, cancellous bone)

A

supporting alveolar bone

42
Q

dense fibrous CT that attaches gingiva to bone, contains osteoblasts, cannot be seen clinically

A

periosteum

43
Q

compact bone is also called…

A

cortical plates/bone

44
Q

spongy bone is also called…

A

cancellous bone

45
Q

composition of bone
65% inorganic _____
35% organic ___ and ___

A

hydroxyapatite, fibers and cells

46
Q

shape of bone follows position of ___ _____ and ___ of roots

A

tooth contacts, contour

47
Q

anterior teeth bone morphology; posterior teeth bone morphology

A 
anteriors = peaked
posteriors = blunted
48
Q

function of alveolar bone

A

supports entire dentition, pathway for nutrients, deposition to compensate for continuous tooth eruption/wear

49
Q

bony defect that is a cleft in the bone

A

dehiscence

50
Q

bony defect that is a hole or window in bone

A

fenestration

51
Q

increased occlusal function leads to…

A

increased bone density

52
Q

decreased occlusal function leads to…

A

decreased bone density

53
Q

types of tissue from highest hydroxyapatite composition to lowest

A

enamel, dentin, bone, cementum

54
Q

causes of resorption

A

occlusal trauma, orthodontic movement, malaligned teeth, cysts/tumors, replanted teeth, periodontal disease

55
Q

what is hydroxyapatite composed of?

A

calcium, phosphate

56
Q

shape of alveolar crest: height is ____ ____ to the CEJ

A

1-2mm apical

Clinical Applications I (11 decks)

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