Plants & animal responses Flashcards
How do plants respond to abiotic stress & herbivory?
What neurotransmitter is involved in sympathetic nervous system?
Noradrenaline
What neurotransmitter is involved in parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
What do baroreceptors detect?
Change in blood pressure
What’s the effector in the eye for blinking reflex?
Orbicularis oculi
What’s abiotic stress?
Anything potentially harmful to a plant that’s natural but non-living e.g., drought
Where are growth hormones produced?
Growing regions of plants e.g., shoot & root tips
What type of hormone is indoleacetic acid (IAA)?
Auxin
What’s inhibited by high IAA concentration?
Root growth
What’s the shoot tip of a flowering plant called?
Apical bud
What happens in apical dominance?
Auxins stimulate growth of apical bud and inhibit growth of side shoots
What hormone are gibberellins inhibited by?
Abscisic acid
What are auxins and giberellins?
Synergistic (work together to have a big effect)
OR
Antagonistic (oppose each others actions)
What plants lose leaves in winter?
Deciduous plants
Why do plants lose their leaves?
Help conserve water
What is leaf loss triggered by?
Shortened day length
How do auxin cause leaf loss?
As plant gets older, less auxin produced so leaves drop
(if high auxin concentration, then this inhibits leaf loss)
How does ethene cause leaf loss?
As plants get older, more ethene produced
What’s the relationship between auxins and ethene in leaf drop?
Antagonistic
What plant hormone triggers stomatal closure?
Abscisic acid
What are the similarities of plant and animal responses?
- May involve the interaction of more than one hormone
- May have an effect on more than one target tissue
- Hormone has to bind to receptor
What’s the process of plants growing taller?
Etiolation
How many binding sites does myosin have? And what are they for?
2 - ATP and actin
What two molecules are found between actin filaments?
Troponin and tropomyosin (attached to each other)
