Plants & animal responses Flashcards

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1
Q

How do plants respond to abiotic stress & herbivory?

A
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2
Q

What neurotransmitter is involved in sympathetic nervous system?

A

Noradrenaline

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3
Q

What neurotransmitter is involved in parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Acetylcholine

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4
Q

What do baroreceptors detect?

A

Change in blood pressure

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5
Q

What’s the effector in the eye for blinking reflex?

A

Orbicularis oculi

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6
Q

What’s abiotic stress?

A

Anything potentially harmful to a plant that’s natural but non-living e.g., drought

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7
Q

Where are growth hormones produced?

A

Growing regions of plants e.g., shoot & root tips

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8
Q

What type of hormone is indoleacetic acid (IAA)?

A

Auxin

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9
Q

What’s inhibited by high IAA concentration?

A

Root growth

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10
Q

What’s the shoot tip of a flowering plant called?

A

Apical bud

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11
Q

What happens in apical dominance?

A

Auxins stimulate growth of apical bud and inhibit growth of side shoots

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12
Q

What hormone are gibberellins inhibited by?

A

Abscisic acid

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13
Q

What are auxins and giberellins?

A

Synergistic (work together to have a big effect)

OR

Antagonistic (oppose each others actions)

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14
Q

What plants lose leaves in winter?

A

Deciduous plants

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15
Q

Why do plants lose their leaves?

A

Help conserve water

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16
Q

What is leaf loss triggered by?

A

Shortened day length

17
Q

How do auxin cause leaf loss?

A

As plant gets older, less auxin produced so leaves drop

(if high auxin concentration, then this inhibits leaf loss)

18
Q

How does ethene cause leaf loss?

A

As plants get older, more ethene produced

19
Q

What’s the relationship between auxins and ethene in leaf drop?

A

Antagonistic

20
Q

What plant hormone triggers stomatal closure?

A

Abscisic acid

21
Q

What are the similarities of plant and animal responses?

A
  • May involve the interaction of more than one hormone
  • May have an effect on more than one target tissue
  • Hormone has to bind to receptor
22
Q

What’s the process of plants growing taller?

A

Etiolation

23
Q

How many binding sites does myosin have? And what are they for?

A

2 - ATP and actin

24
Q

What two molecules are found between actin filaments?

A

Troponin and tropomyosin (attached to each other)