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BIO Grd 11 > Plants > Flashcards

Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

Angiosperm

A

A plant that has flowers and produces seeds protected by a corpel

Examples: roses, orchids, hydrangea

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2
Q

Gymnosperm

A

A plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or a fruit

Examples: conifers, cycads, gnetophytes

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3
Q

Spremophtes

A

Seed plants

Use seeds to reproduce

Dandelion

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4
Q

Pteridophytes

A

Non- seed plants

Do not use seeds to reproduce

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5
Q

Tracheophytes

A

Vascular plants

Have special tissue that moves water and other things through plants

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6
Q

Bryophytes

A

Nonvascular plants
Don’t have vascular connections, so they have to get their water from the environment directly

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7
Q

What are rhizoids

A

Help Moss stick

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8
Q

Parenchyma ( ground cell)

A

Thin flexible cell wall
Bug vacuoles

Found in watery foods like alovera, watermelon etc.

The only cells that engage in mitosis

Filled with chloroplasts called chlorenchyma
Functions
thin flexible cell wall large vacules
• alot of types of Cells, found in all plant cells

Cells only cells engage in mitosis

Filled with Chloroplasts Called Chlorenchyma

Suited for gas exhange,light, water and
Metabolizes .

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9
Q

Collenchyma

A

Thickens cell walls
sometimes unevenly thick

Provide support and elasastcity in stems and leaves during rapid growth

Example, celery

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10
Q

Sclerenchyma

A

Thick secondary cell wall

Function is to support

Dead at maturity

Found in shells of nuts and spines of cactus

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11
Q

Meristems

A

Only ground cells that can do do mitosis

There are two types

Apical meristems
Lateral meristems

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12
Q

Apical Meristems

A

Up and down

Place of roots and tips

Roots and shoot system form in the seeds of the plants

When the seed gets germinated the cell in the April’s meristems divide and elongate

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13
Q

Lateral Meristems

A

Side to side

Meristems at located other than roots and shoot tips

Make complete or incomplete sylinder of tissue in roots and stems

Causes rings to grow

Growth is diameter

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14
Q

Xylem

A

Vessel that Carrie’s water form the roots to the leaves for photosynthesis to happen

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15
Q

Phloem

A

Vessel that transports nutrients form the leaves to the roots ex glucose that it gets form photosynthesis

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16
Q

Sive Tubes

A

Vertical stacked cells with to walls no nucleus

Only allows water and food minerals through the plant

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17
Q

Cuticle

A

Waxy outer surface

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18
Q

Stomata

A

Lower surface of Leaf has small holes to let air and water Vapor to go in and out located at the lower epidermis only

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19
Q

Guard cells

A

are two bean shape cells that control the opening or closing of stomata

20
Q

Trichomes

A

Hairs that are on the upper part of plants

21
Q

Herbaceous

A

They are stems of annual plants, the plants usually don’t leave more then one year.

22
Q

Woody stem

A

Is for example trees they increase in diameter each year because of the xylem cells, the ones that die also create wood

23
Q

Annual and perennial plants

A

Annual plants plants that live up to one year.

Perennial plants that’s grow and reproduce for many years

24
Q

The opening and closing of the Stamota is regulated by levels of what

A

Levels of carbon dioxide and levels of water

25
Q

What the difference between palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll

A

palisade mesophyll has tightly packed cells that are rich in chloroplasts and are responsible for photosynthesis,

spongy mesophyll have loosely packed cells with air spaces that help gas exchange occur more efficiently

26
Q

What is the difference between Monocots and in stems dicots

A

Monocots vessel bundels are scattered while the dicots are aranged in a ring

27
Q

Parenchyma

A
28
Q

How does mitosis in the vascular cambium of woody stems make it increase in diameter

A

Mitosis and vascular cambium produces new layers of xylem and phleom, which increases the diameter of the stem

29
Q

What are two types of roots and advantages of each with example

A

Taproots have a single large route that goes deep into the soil, providing strong Anchorage in deep water sources. An example is Carrots

Febres roots have many small roots that spread out underneath the surface of the soil making it have a large surface area for absorption. Example is gases.

30
Q

Pants with seeds are called what?

A

Spermophites

31
Q

explain Gymnosperms and angiosperms

A

Gymnosperms are seeds that are not protected by a ovary or corpal an a angiosperm is protected.

32
Q

what are 2 issuies with plants that later resolved for with adaptation that solved these issuies

A

Drying out and rotting,——– waxy cuticule

Not enough stuructural support——– developed celll walls

33
Q

what are the cells region of the leaves does photosythesis take place

A

Mesophyll cells

34
Q

what does the Stomata breath in and out

A

Breathes in CO2 and Out O2

35
Q

2 types of stems and how are they diffrent

A

Herboacous stems are soft, green and flexible ex. Tomatos

Woody stems are hard rigid ex oak wood

36
Q

Give 3 examples of Monocotas and Diocots

A
37
Q
A
38
Q

Auxins

A

Presents from going rider so long, Asian suppression of lateral but growth delays fruit ripening delays leave sensence

39
Q

Auxins

A

Promote cell elongations
Prevents it from growing wider

40
Q

Cytokinins

A

Synthetic

Promotes mitosis

Promotes growth of lateral buds
Wider growth

41
Q

Gibberellins

A

Stimulate cell elongation

Breaks seed dormancy

Can delay senescence in leaves and citrus fruits

42
Q

3 things that stimulate hormone action in plants

A

1 place
2 time
3 amount

43
Q

Ethylene

A

Gas hormone
Makes fruit ripen faster

44
Q

Abscisic acid

A

Stimulates stomata to close
Makes the shoot grow
Makes it dormant and induces it

45
Q

What are tropisms

A

Plants that respond to external stimuli

46
Q

What types of stimulus can cause phototropism

A

Light ( sunlight causing it to growing towards the Sun so it’s

47
Q

Gravitropism is what

A

The growth response to gravity since my special cells in caps along with length of stems these cells have dance organelles, called Amy low, plus that seek the widest side of a cell sink there and make the direction go down to release auxins, which makes it an uneven sell elongation with the gravity .

BIO Grd 11 (5 decks)

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