Diversity Of Living Things Flashcards
Anaerobic
Without oxygen
Aerobic
Needs Oxygen
Multicellular
Many cells
Unicellular
Single cell
Culturing
The growth of microorganisms
Microorganisms
Very small organism’s
Heterotrophs
Eats other organisms
Autotrophs
Makes own food
Parasite
Lives off other organisms
Pathogen
 Disease causing organism
Decomposers
Feed on organic matter
Saprotroph
Feeds on dead organisms
Conjuagation
Is the transfer of genetic material by direct cell to cell contact
Transduction-
The process which DNA is accidentally transferred between a bacterium to another by a virus
Transformation
Uptake of DNA from environmental that is then incorporated into bacterial DNA
Spherical :.:
Cocci.
Rod shaped
bacilli / |-
Spiral or corkscrew shaped
Sprilla
Shorts and incomplete spirals are
Vabrio or comma bacteria
What does refrigeration do to bacteria
Slows down the growth of bacteria
What does freezing do to bacteria
Prevents growth of bacteria
Carbon Metabolism
Autotrophs, inorganic, carbon and heterotrophs use organic carbon sources
Reproduction of bacteria and archea
Bacteria and archea reproduce asexually through binary fission
Energy metabolism, 
1) phototrophs
Their source of energy is the sun photosynthesis involved in bacteria, example Cynabacteria
Energy metabolism
2)Lithotrophs
 Source of energy is inorganic compounds, for example metal ions
Energy metabolism
3)organtrophs
Source of energy is organic compounds examples are human biomes organic compounds that contain carbon
Plasmolyize means?
Shrivel up and die
Reproductions steps in bacterial binary fission
- duplicate chromosomes
- Pinch the bacteria.
- Separate into two cells.
Steps of reproduction in viral replication
- Virus Attachment to cell.
- In inject in their genes.
- Replication of the virus.
- Release of viruses.
How do spores spread
Air, water or animals
Membrane proteins found in cell membrane functions are
-Transportation,
-metabolic activity
-receives signals
-cell recognition
What are the functions of the cell membrane?
-Gives a barrier to the environment
Allow selective transportation of materials in an out the cell
Allows compartments to be created in the cell
-Allow to send and receive signals
-Provides a site for metabolize and binding
What is selective permeability?
Important for keeping the cells, internal environment, can enter, or not, depending on its:
size
polarity
charge
Describe a phospholipid
Head
Made of phosphorus
Hydrophilic
Polar
Easily dissolves in water
Tail
Hetero phobic
Nonpolar
The two fatty acid chain tails
Tails touching each other, while their head is on the outside to create a barrier for the cell membrane
