plants

Question 1

What are multicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes that increasing became adapted to live on land?

Answer 1

plants

Question 2

What supergroup are plants in?

Answer 2

Archaeplastida

Question 3

Both plants and green algae store what?

Answer 3

excess carbohydrates as starch and cellulose in cell walls

Question 4

Plants (not green algae) protect what?

Answer 4

zygote and embryo

Question 5

What three things did plants have to overcome to adapt to land?

Answer 5

1. Water loss
2. Gravity
3. Sun exposure

Question 6

What is the waxy layer covering the epidermis of plants that protects against water lose and disease causing organisms?

Answer 6

cuticle

Question 7

What are the small opening on the underside of the leaf epidermis?

Answer 7

stomata

Question 8

What association of many cells of the same type leading to specialized structures gave plants the increased ability to avoid water loss?

Answer 8

tissue (lower surface to area volume than branched filaments)

Question 9

Problems with water loss increase with what?

Answer 9

size

Question 10

What is specialized tissue for transportation of water & organic nutrients throughout body of a plant?

Answer 10

vascular tissue

Question 11

Higher intensities of UV rays can increase the chance of what?

Answer 11

mutations

Question 12

What can hide the effect of a single, deleterious allele?

Answer 12

diploid genome

Question 13

All terrestrial plants have _______ and __________ generation?

Answer 13

haploid; diploid

Question 14

What two generations are in the alternation of generations life cycle?

Answer 14

sporophyte and gametophyte

Question 15

What is the diploid generation of the alternation-of-generations life cycle of a plant (produces haploid spores that develop into the haploid generation)

Answer 15

sporophyte

Question 16

What is the haploid generation of the alternation-of-generations life cycle of a plant? (produces gametes that unite to form a diploid zygote)

Answer 16

gametophyte

Question 17

What are plants that have no vascular tissue that either occur in moist environments or have special adaptations for living in dry locations?

Answer 17

nonvascular plants

Question 18

What are hairlike structure found on the roots of some plants that assists in anchoring the plant and also provides for some absorption of water?

Answer 18

rhizoids

Question 19

What are 5 types of plants?

Answer 19

1. Bryophytes
2. Lycophytes
3. Pteridophytes
4. Gymnosperms
5. Angiosperms

Question 20

What plant
-Nonvascular plants
-Rhizoids
-Gametophyte dominate stage
-Gametophyte larger & photosynthetic
-Sporophyte that is dependent on the gametophyte
-Flagellated sperm (Require moisture for reproduction)
-Liverworts, hornworts, mosses

Answer 20

Bryophytes

Question 21

What are the two parts of vascular tissue?

Answer 21

xylem and phloem

Question 22

What part of vascular tissue is pecialized to transport water through stem to leaf?

Answer 22

xylem

Question 23

What part of vascular tissue is

Answer 23

specialized to move organic nutrients

Question 24

What feature qualified Cooksonia as a type of vascular plant?

Answer 24

presence of branches

Question 25

What plant -Seedless vascular plants -Microphylls leaves -Sporophyte is dominate stage -Produce spores in cone structures called strobili -Some lycophytes have spores that grow into one type of gamete (homosporous), others produce two types of spores (heterosporous) -Microspores (become male gametophyte) and megaspores (become female gametophyte) -Ground pines, spike mosses, quillwort

Answer 25

Lycophytes

Question 26

What plant -Seedless vascular plants -True leaves and roots -Megaphylls leaves -Produce spores (Wind blown dispersal) -Sporophyte dominate stage -Sporophyte develops on gametophyte -Horsetails, whisk ferns, and ferns

Answer 26

Pteridophytes

Question 27

What is a sporophyte embryo with stored food enclosed in a protective coat?

Answer 27

seed

Question 28

What is a structure derived from a microspore? (develops into male gametophyte)

Answer 28

pollen grains

Question 29

The process -occurs when a pollen grain is brought into contact with a female gametophyte by wind or pollinator -Sperm move toward female gametophyte through pollen tube -Megaspore develops within an ovule; becomes a seed following fertilization - No external water needed

Answer 29

pollination

Question 30

What plant -Cones: Reproductive structure made up of scales bearing sporangia; pollen cones bear microsporangia & seed cones bear megasporangia -Monoecious: single plant carries both male and female reproductive structures -Dioecious: single plant produces either male or female parts -Conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and gnetophytes

Answer 30

Gymnosperms

Question 31

What plant -Adaptive radiation -Flowers: reproductive organ of a flowering plant, consisting of serval kinds of modified leaves arranged in concentric rings attached to a modified stem -Fruit: Flowering structure consisting of one or more ripened ovaries that usually contain seeds -Covered seeds -> result of double fertilization

Answer 31

Angiosperms