Plantations In Ireland Flashcards
What is a plantation?
Another name for a colony
What is an undertaker?
The person in charge of a plantation
What is a tenant?
Somebody who rents land and works in a plantation
What is the woodkerne/native Irish?
Native Irish, fought for Hugh O’Neill during the 9 years war. Leaderless and landless.
What is a servitor?
An ex-soldier, fought in a 9 years war (as a result granted land)
Name the three causes of the plantations.
- To spread Protestant religion across Ireland in aftermath of reformation.
- To ‘civilise’ Ireland by bringing in English laws and making English monarchs the rulers of Ireland. (Also to collect wealth from taxes)
- To prevent English enemies using Ireland as a ‘backdoor’ into England (especially important for Elizabeth I and James I in aftermaths of Spanish Armada)
Who set up the pale plantation (around Dublin)?
Henry VIII
Who set up the Laois and Offaly plantation?
Mary tudor
Who set up the Munster plantation?
Elizabeth I
Who set up the ulster plantation?
James I
Why did the Munster plantation fail?
Failed due to robbers, thieves etc trying to take land for themselves + rob others.
Who was Hugh O’Neill?
Earl of Tyrone, ulster chief who sent an army to Munster.
How did the Munster plantation end?
Undertakers + settlers were driven out off the land in 1599. The Munster plantation had therefore ended.
Name 2 reasons why the munster plantation failed.
- Undertakers failed to encourage right sort of tenants to Munster as it was so far from England.
- Undertakers failed to provide weapons + a fortified bawn for tenants (no protection from native Irish etc)
- Undertakers broke rules. (Allowed Irish to rent land)
- English had angered the Irish by taking land from the, (O’Neill then drove English out of Ireland)
Name 5 new plantation towns
Londonderry, Coleraine, Bangor, Belfast, Draperstown.
How did James I play a part in the ulster plantation?
He led the plantation, confiscated o’neill’s land and granted them to English settlers.
What factors influenced the starting of the ulster plantation ?
Religion
Wealth
Settling
Power
Population concerns
Security factors
Reasons of law and order
How was ulster an attractive area for farmers to settle?
It was temperate + mild, (crops could grow successfully), + the land was fertile.
What is an ulster unionist?
Someone who wants someone to remain part of the United Kingdom.
What is a bawn?
A defensive wall/building/castle
What was the flight of the earls?
When Hugh O’Neill left Ireland for Europe along with many other powerful Irish chiefs. They never returned to Ireland.
Who were the Loyal Irish?
Loyal to the crown + therefore granted land
their children will not inherit
What was the church of Ireland?
Gained money + land as result of tithing system. ( everyone contributed 10% of income to them.)
When was the batte of kin sale?
1601
