Plant Tissues

Question 1

Two types of plant tissues

Answer 1

Meristematic and Permanent

Question 2

Also called meristems. Regions in the plants that are in charge of producing new cells.

Answer 2

Meristematic tissues

Question 3

Their name comes from the Greek word “merizein”, which means “divide”. These areas are responsible for growth and cell differentiation

Answer 3

Meristematic Tissues

Question 4

Meristematic tissues are also known as?

Answer 4

Meristems

Question 5

Refers to the biochemical and physical changes in cells leading to specialization for a particular function

Answer 5

Cell differentiation

Question 6

Tissues that are already specialized for a particular function and cease to divide. They can be composed of living or dead cells that are already permanently positioned in a plant. Can be classified as either simple of complex.

Answer 6

Permanent Tissues

Question 7

A tissue is said to be ____ when it is only made up of one type of cell.

Answer 7

simple

Question 8

A tissue is said to be ____ when it is made up of two or more types of cells.

Answer 8

Complex

Question 9

Types of Meristems

Answer 9

Apical meristem, Lateral Meristem, Intercalary Meristem

Question 10

Responsible for producing new cells at both ends. Responsible for increasing the length of plants.

Answer 10

Apical Meristem

Question 11

Two types of apical meristems

Answer 11

Shoot apical meristem, root apical meristem

Question 12

SAM

Answer 12

Shoot apical meristem

Question 13

RAM

Answer 13

Root apical meristem

Question 14

They increase the plant’s diameter as it grows and can be found along the sides of the roots and stems.

Answer 14

Lateral meristem

Question 15

Two types of lateral meristems

Answer 15

Vascular Cambium, Cork cambium

Question 16

Produces the vascular tissues

Answer 16

Vascular cambium

Question 17

Is responsible for producing the cork and epidermis in woody and herbaceous plants

Answer 17

Cork cambium

Question 18

Responsible for the conduction of water, nutrients, and other metabolites

Answer 18

Vascular tissues

Question 19

Are most commonly found in grasses. Enable a plant to rapidly grow its leaves and stems and repair damaged tissues and parts. Allows grasses to rapidly regrow when stepped on or cut, an adaptation to herbivory and grazing.

Answer 19

Intercalary meristem

Question 20

The Three Tissue Systems

Answer 20

Dermal tissue, Vascular tissue, Ground tissue

Question 21

Protect the entire plant from potentially harmful agents in the environments such as pathogens

Answer 21

Dermal tissue

Question 22

Specialize in the transport of nutrients and substances throughout the plant’s body

Answer 22

Vascular tissue

Question 23

Supplement the other two tissue systems by providing additional structural support and synthesizing organic materials

Answer 23

Ground tissue

Question 24

3 types of ground tissues

Answer 24

Parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma

Question 25

In some group of plants, the ground tissue is divided in to the ____ and the ____

Answer 25

pith and cortex

Question 26

Are composed of thin-walled cells. Is vital for plants to repair wounds and damages. Aside from wound repair, they function for storage secretion, photosynthesis and transport.

Answer 26

Parenchyma

Question 27

Are usually found in the soft, young and developing parts of plants. Are the plant body's most abundant tissues. The main component of the fleshy part of fruits

Answer 27

Parenchyma

Question 28

Are composed of mature, elongated, flexible, and thick-walled cells. Usually found in young leaves and stems of plants. Common in leaf petioles and even in aerial roots.

Answer 28

Collenchyma

Question 29

4 types of collenchyma cells

Answer 29

Angular, Tangential, Annular, Lacunar

Question 30

Tissues that are composed of mostly dead, fibrous, crystal-like cells. Support mature plant organs. Important in transportation.

Answer 30

Sclerenchyma

Question 31

3 types of mechanical sclerenchyma

Answer 31

Fibers, sclereids, water-conducting sclerenchyma

Question 32

Are long, thin sclerenchyma

Answer 32

Fibers

Question 33

Are shorter, more cuboidal sclerenchyma

Answer 33

Sclereids

Question 34

Includes the tracheid and vessel elements

Answer 34

Water-conducting sclerenchyma

Question 35

Sclerenchyma's secondary cell wall is made up of polymer ___

Answer 35

lignin

Question 36

Considered to be complex permanent tissues. Specialize in the transport of nutrients and substances throughout the plant's body.

Answer 36

Vascular tissues

Question 37

The counterpart of the ground meristem in the vascular tissue

Answer 37

provascular meristem

Question 38

2 types of vascular tissues

Answer 38

Xylem, Phloem

Question 39

Are vascular tissues responsible for the upward transport of water and minerals from the roots to the shoots and leaves

Answer 39

Xylem

Question 40

Xylem is composed of what

Answer 40

tracheary elements, fibers, parenchyma cells

Question 41

Are vascular tissues responsible for transporting photosynthetic products like carbohydrates. Are composed mainly of living cells.

Answer 41

Phloem

Question 42

Are living cells with no nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 42

Sieve elements

Question 43

Two types of sieve elements

Answer 43

Sieve cells, sieve tube members

Question 44

Elongated and shaped like tracheid

Answer 44

Sieve cells

Question 45

Shorter and have wider ends

Answer 45

Sieve tube members

Question 46

Quite similar to the perforations found in the vessel elements

Answer 46

Sieve pores

Question 47

Vast clusters of sieve pores

Answer 47

Sieve areas

Question 48

The counterpart of the vessel in the phloem. Is a stack of sieve tube members. Considered to be more advanced since they are found only in Angiosperms

Answer 48

Sieve tube

Question 49

Are parenchyma cells that are associated with sieve tube elements. These cells do metabolic activities for the sieve tube elements.

Answer 49

Companion cells

Question 50

Are responsible for the loading and unloading of sugars and other nutrients to or from the sieve tube elements for transport.

Answer 50

Companion cells

Question 51

Other term for dermal tissue

Answer 51

Protoderm

Question 52

During secondary growth, the epidermis differentiates further and, along with other tissues, forms what?

Answer 52

periderm

Question 53

Is the outermost layer of the plant. It is made up of single layer of parenchymatous cells devoid of chloroplats.

Answer 53

Epidermis

Question 54

Is a protective layer made up of fatty molecules known as cutin

Answer 54

Cuticle

Question 55

Are strongly connected to provide mechanical support and protection to the plant

Answer 55

Epidermal cells

Question 56

Fatty molecules that made up the cuticle

Answer 56

cutin

Question 57

Specialized cells in the epidermis

Answer 57

Hairs or trichomes, Bulliform cells, Stomata

Question 58

Are epidermal outgrowths that can be unicellular or multicellular. Used as a defense against predators

Answer 58

Hairs or trichomes

Question 59

Are group of cells that contain large vacuoles and have thin cell walls. They provide mechanical support and serve as water reservoirs

Answer 59

Bulliform cells

Question 60

Are pores that control the exchange of gases and water transpiration in plants. Their action is facilitated by guard cells

Answer 60

Stomata

Question 61

Facilitates the actions of the stomata

Answer 61

Guard cells

Question 62

More commonly known as wood

Answer 62

secondary xylem

Question 63

In certain group of plants, most commonly in woody plants, the cells between the vascular bundles continue to divide and differentiate forming what?

Answer 63

vascular cambium

Question 64

Its parenchyma cells undergo cell division once more to give rise to the cork cambium or the phellogen

Answer 64

Secondary phloem

Question 65

When the cork cambium's outer cells differentiate, they become ___ which are dead at maturity

Answer 65

cork cells

Question 66

These cork cells eventually pile up to form the ___ or the cork

Answer 66

phellem

Question 67

An inner cell of the cork cambium may also differentiate into a layer of living parenchyma cells known as what?

Answer 67

Phelloderm

Question 68

Some of these parenchyma cells also contain ____

Answer 68

chloroplasts

Question 69

The phellem, phellogen, phelloderm make up the what?

Answer 69

Periderm

Question 70

A thick protective layer of secondary tissue in stems and roots. Replaces the epidermis. It protects plant stems and roots against desiccation, freezing, herbivory, heat, and the other possible damages

Answer 70

Periderm