Cell Division

Question 1

Cell division is their way to produce new individuals.

Answer 1

Unicellular organisms

Question 2

Cell division serves many purposes in these organisms. It can be used for growth and development, production of gametes or sex cells, or repair tissues and organs

Answer 2

Multicellular organisms

Question 3

Is the life cycle of a cell. It is a series of events that involve cell growth and cell division

Answer 3

Cell cycle

Question 4

Cell cycle has two main parts, what are those?

Answer 4

Interphase and the M Phase

Question 5

The first part of the cell cycle. It is longer than the M phase. It is considered a resting stage between cell divisions

Answer 5

Interphase

Question 6

Interphase stages

Answer 6

Gap 1, Synthesis Phase, Gap 2

Question 7

The first stage of interphase. In this stage, the cell continues to grow. It is very active in synthesizing proteins, RNAs, and other biomolecules necessary for cell division. It also produces enough energy for the next steps of the cell cycle

Answer 7

Gap 1 phase

Question 8

The second phase of interphase. DNA synthesis or replication happens. This results in the formation of two identical copies of the chromosomes called sister chromatids

Answer 8

Synthesis phase

Question 9

Two identical copies of the chromosomes

Answer 9

Sister chromatids

Question 10

These single chromatids are joined together by what

Answer 10

Single centromere

Question 11

Also get duplicated during the synthesis phase. Consist of two centrioles that produce spindle fibers

Answer 11

Centrosomes

Question 12

The last stage of the interphase. The cell duplicates some of its organelles. The cell also stores a lot of energy and synthesizes necessary proteins for cell division. The cell grows even further during this stage

Answer 12

Gap 2 Phase

Question 13

In this stage, the cell ceases growth and protein production. Instead, now focuses on dividing

Answer 13

M Phase

Question 14

The M phase can either be what and what

Answer 14

Mitosis or Meiosis

Question 15

M phase may only take how many hours

Answer 15

2 to 4 hours

Question 16

Interphase may range from how many hours

Answer 16

12 to 24 hours

Question 17

After the M Phase, the cell will have two sets of nuclei, chromosomes, and other organelles. For the daughter cells to completely separate, they must undergo a process known as what?

Answer 17

Cytokinesis

Question 18

This is the process by which the cytoplasm of the original cell is divided and distributed to the two daughter cells.

Answer 18

Cytokinesis

Question 19

The nucleus also undergoes division called what

Answer 19

Karyokinesis

Question 20

In animal cells, cytokinesis occurs through the formation of ?

Answer 20

Cleavage furrow

Question 21

In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs through the emergence of a ?

Answer 21

Cell plate

Question 22

In this phase the cells become inactive. Some cells will proceed to cell division if there are signals telling them to do so

Answer 22

Gap 0 Phase

Question 23

It will only take around __ to __ days depending on the cell type and age

Answer 23

One to two

Question 24

In the case of ____, the daughter cells should duplicate of their parent cells. These defects or errors may result in the formation of abnormal cells

Answer 24

Mitosis

Question 25

Is responsible for checking all the necessary conditions needed for cell division. Also known as the restriction point, it is responsible for determining if the cell is ready to proceed to cell division

Answer 25

G1 Checkpoint

Question 26

It happens after the G2 phase. It also assesses the proteins and energy reserves. Its primary responsibility is to check that all chromosomes were replicated correctly with no damages

Answer 26

G2 Checkpoint

Question 27

It happens immediately after the end of metaphase in the M phase. It verifies whether all chromosomes are attached to the right spindle fibers

Answer 27

M checkpoint

Question 28

Is tightly-packed DNA molecule found in the nucleus. It appears as thread-like chromatin during interphase

Answer 28

Chromosome

Question 29

Are threads of nucleosomes, which are DNA molecules wrapped around proteins known as histones

Answer 29

Chromatins

Question 30

Genetic material or a macromolecule comprising of DNA, RNA, proteins

Answer 30

Chromatin

Question 31

Refers to the number of sets of chromosomes it has.

Answer 31

Ploidy level of a cell

Question 32

Those that have two sets of chromosomes

Answer 32

Diploid

Question 33

Those that have one set of chromosomes

Answer 33

Monoploid

Question 34

Is a cell that contains half the set of chromosomes of a diploid organisms.

Answer 34

Haploid

Question 35

All body cells or somatic cells are

Answer 35

diploid

Question 36

sex cells or gametes are

Answer 36

haploid

Question 37

two types of chromosomes

Answer 37

autosomes and sex chromosomes

Question 38

also known as the body chromosomes. are present in all cells of both males and females of an organism

Answer 38

autosomes

Question 39

are those chromosomes that differ in each biological sex.

Answer 39

sex chromosomes

Question 40

Humans have how many pairs of autosomes

Answer 40

22

Question 41

Humans have how many pairs of sex chromosome

Answer 41

1

Question 42

Humans have how many chromosomes overall?

Answer 42

46

Question 43

Cells with a complete set of chromosomes

Answer 43

Euploid

Question 44

Cells that have missing or excess chromosomes.

Answer 44

Aneuploid

Question 45

The two copies of a particular chromosome. It can be seen through a karyotype.

Answer 45

Homologous Chromosome

Question 46

Is an image that shows all of a specific individual’s chromosomes

Answer 46

Karyotype