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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY > PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES (2) > Flashcards

PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES (2) Flashcards

1
Q

molecules that are essential for growth and development of an organis

A

primary metabolites

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2
Q

molecules that are not essential for growth and development of an organism

A

secondary metabolites

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3
Q

are generally polymers of 5-carbon unit called isoprene
gives scent, flavors, colors, medicine

A

terpenoids

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4
Q

most are derived from a few common amino acids
commonly applied to basic nitrogenous compounds of plant origin that are physiologically active

A

alkaloids

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5
Q

alkaloid characteristics

A

bitter in taste, insoluble in water, crystalline solids

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6
Q

all names of alkaloids end in

A

ine

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7
Q

types of alkaloid

A

true alkaloids, proto alkaloid, pseudo alklaoids

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8
Q

occurs as white, odorless, bulky crystals or as crystalline powder

A

quinine

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9
Q

component of black pepper
has been used in various traditional medicine preparations

A

piperine

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10
Q

subset of drugs that are derived from the periwinkle plant

A

vincal alkaloids

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11
Q

isolated from Rauwolfia serpentina
to treat highblood pressure
to treat insect stings

A

serpentine

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12
Q

compounds in nature were formed from multiples of five carbons arranged in the same pattern as an isoprene
natural products that are structurally related to isoprene

A

terpenes

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13
Q

classification of terpenes

A

hermiterpenes
monoterpenes
sesquiterpenes
diterpenes
triterpene
tetraterpene

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14
Q

consist of a single isoprene unit

A

hemiterpenes

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15
Q

consists of two isoprene units

A

monoterpenes

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16
Q

consists of three isoprene units

A

sesquiterpenes

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17
Q

consists of four isopre units

A

diterprenes

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18
Q

terpenes having 25 carbons and 5 isoprene units

A

sesterterpenes

19
Q

consist of six isoprene units

A

triterpenes

20
Q

are composed of seven isoprene units

A

sesquarterpenes

21
Q

contains eight isoprene units

A

tetraterpenes

22
Q

consist of long chains of many isoprene units

A

polyterpenes

23
Q

best anti-cancer agent

A

taxol

24
Q

indole alkaloid derived from tryptophan

A

camptothecin

25
Q

derived from aromatic amino acids

A

phenolicsa

26
Q

antimicrobial agents, feeding deterrents, and germination inhibitors

A

coumarins

27
Q

compounds that contain a carbohydrate and a noncarbohydrate

A

glycosides

28
Q

a liquid compound found inside plants or exuded by plants

A

plant resins

29
Q

milky fluid found in 10% of all flowering plants

A

latex

30
Q

most important product obtained from latex

A

natural rubber

31
Q

encompass plant sterols and stanols
are steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains

A

phytosterols

32
Q

are the aglycones or non-saccharide portions of saponins

A

sapogenins

33
Q

concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants

A

essential oils

34
Q

diverse family of organic compounds that are synthesized by plants from the amino acids phenylalanine

A

phenylpropanoids

35
Q

plant-derived insecticides

A

rotenoids
pyrethrins
tobacco
neem

36
Q

series of compounds found in members of the genera Derris, Lonchocarpus, Tephrosia

A

rotenoids

37
Q

come from the species of the genus Chrysanthemum

A

pyrethrins

38
Q

compounds that prevent insect feeding

A

antifeedant

39
Q

yellow and red colors

A

carotenoids

40
Q

yellow to orange

A

carotenes

41
Q

green coloring agent

A

chrolorophyll

42
Q

extracted from turmeric

A

curcumin

43
Q

yellow to orange colors (B2)

A

riboflavin

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (15 decks)

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