BIOENERGETICS AND LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Question 1

study of energy
transformations in living organisms

Answer 1

bioenergetics

Question 2

has been variously described
as a measure of randomness, disorder, or chaos

Answer 2

entropy

Question 3

mean molecular kinetic energy of matter.

Answer 3

temperature

Question 4

some energy will be available under isothermal conditions and
is, consequently, available to do work.

Answer 4

Gibbs free energy

Question 5

If the sign of AG is negative, the reaction is considered

Answer 5

spontaneous

Question 6

energy yielding

Answer 6

exergonic

Question 7

energy consuming

Answer 7

endergonic

Question 8

electrons are transferred
from one component to another

Answer 8

redox reactions

Question 9

tendency to
accept electrons from or donate electrons to another

Answer 9

redox potential

Question 10

redox potential is measured in

Answer 10

volts

Question 11

strong electron donor, reducing
agent

Answer 11

reductant

Question 12

strong electron acceptor

Answer 12

oxidant

Question 13

ATP synthesizing enzyme

Answer 13

ATP synthase

Question 14

pump
protons out of the cell or the vacuole

Answer 14

ATPase-proton pumps

Question 15

The principal
function ofthe light-dependent reactions ofphotosynthesis is
therefore to generate the NADPH and ATP required for
carbon reduction. This is accomplished through a series
of reactions called

Answer 15

photosynthetic electron transport chain

Question 16

The key to the photosynthetic electron transport chain
is the presence of two large, multimolecular complexes

Answer 16

PSI and PSII

Question 17

e photosynthetic unit of oxygenic photosynthetic
organisms

Answer 17

photosystem

Question 18

photosystems are linked by a third multiprotein aggregate

Answer 18

cytochrome

Question 19

The bulk of the chlorophyll in the photosystem
functions as

Answer 19

antenna chlorophyll

Question 20

The augmented antenna complexes

Answer 20

light-harvesting complexes

Question 21

considered the primary electron
acceptor in PSII

Answer 21

Pheophytin

Question 22

a quinone that binds transiently to a binding site (QB) on the D1 reaction center protein

Answer 22

plastoquinone

Question 23

small peripheral protein that is able to diffuse freely along
the luminal surface ofthe thylakoid membrane

Answer 23

plastocyanin

Question 24

used to reduce NADP+

Answer 24

ferredoxin

Question 25

Light-driven production of ATP by chloroplasts

Answer 25

photophosphorylation

Question 26

electrons
are continuously supplied from water and withdrawn as
NADPH. This flow-through form of electron transport
is consequently known as

Answer 26

noncyclic electron transport chain

Question 27

Formation of ATP in association with noncyclic
electron transport

Answer 27

noncyclic photophosphorylation

Question 28

unequal distribution of photosystems and cytochrome

Answer 28

lateral heterogeneity

Question 29

phosphorylation of proteins is catalyzed by a class of enzymes

Answer 29

protein kinases