LEAVES AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Question 1

evolution of leaves as photosynthetic organs has revolved around three major themes:

Answer 1

(1) the exploitation of light,
(2) efficient gas exchange, particularly
with respect to C02 uptake, and
(3) a well-organized transport system for the rapid export of product

Question 2

three principal raw materials for photosynthesis

Answer 2

water, carbon dioxide, light energy

Question 3

are primitive land forms assigned to the
division Bryophyta.

Answer 3

liverworts

Question 4

are elongated, cylindrical cells with the long axis perpendicular to the surface of the leaf

Answer 4

palisade cells

Question 5

Because the absorbing
pigments are confined to the chloroplast, a substantial
amount oflight may thus pass through the first cell layer
without being absorbed

Answer 5

sieve effect

Question 6

The
stoma together with its bordering guard cells and subsidiary cells is referred to as

Answer 6

stomatal complex/apparatus

Question 7

The opening, or stoma, is bordered by a pair of unique cells

Answer 7

guard cells

Question 8

In most cases the guard cells are in turn surrounded by specialized, differentiated epidermal cells

Answer 8

subsidiary cells

Question 9

using light energy to produce ATP

Answer 9

photophosphorylation

Question 10

4 major structural regions in chloroplast

Answer 10

envelope
stroma
thylakoid
lumen

Question 11

adjacent thylakoids
appear to be closely appressed, giving rise to membrane
stacks

Answer 11

grana

Question 12

interior space of the thylakoid

Answer 12

lumen

Question 13

GS

Answer 13

glutamate synthetase

Question 14

glutamate synthase

Answer 14

GOGAT