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Biology > Plant Pigments > Flashcards

Plant Pigments Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What causes plants to have colors?

A

The interaction between light and pigments

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2
Q

Electromagnetic energy, and can behave as a wave and a particle

A

Light

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3
Q

Types of electromagnetic waves (spectrum)

A

Radio
Micro
Infrared
Visible light
Ultraviolet
X-ray
Gamma-ray

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4
Q

A form of radiation that travels in the universe

A

Electromagnetic waves

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5
Q

A travelling distance transporting energy from one place to another

A

Wave

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6
Q

A portion of matter

A

Particle

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7
Q

Components of Waves

A

Frequency
Wavelength
Amplitude

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8
Q

Distance of a wave from another

A

Wavelength

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9
Q

Distance from the maximum and minimum heigth of a wave

A

Amplitude

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10
Q

Total number of waves from a cycle

A

Frequency

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11
Q

λ

A

Wavelength

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12
Q

f

A

Frequency

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13
Q

A

A

Amplitude

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14
Q

v

A

Velocity

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15
Q

λ = v/f

A

Relationship between Wavelength, Amplitude, and Velocity

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16
Q

Smaller wavelength and more frequency means

A

Higher energy (Inversely Proportional)

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17
Q

Longer wavelength and less frequency means

A

Lower Energy (Inversely Proportiona)

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18
Q

Higher amplitude higher frequency

A

Higher Energy (Inversely Proportional)

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19
Q

Lower Amplitude & lower frequency

A

Less Energy (Directly Proportional)

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20
Q

Specific wavelength needed to drive photosynthesis & is allowed in the atmosphere to support life

A

400nm - 700nm

380nm - 740nm (More specific) - Visible Light

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21
Q

When light meets matter it is…

A

Reflected
Absorbed
Transferred

22
Q

The reflection & transmission of light yields

A

Color

23
Q

What happens when a specific color is not seen?

A

It is absorbed

24
Q

What is the result if all light is absorbed?

A

Black

25
Q

What color occurs when all light is reflected

A

White

26
Q

What happens when the wavelength of light received does not match the receiver?

A

It is either reflected or transferred, not absorbed

27
Q

Without specific pigments, what would happen to plants?

A

Plants wouldn’t have the ability to do photosynthesis
Energy would be less

28
Q

Why is color important for flowers?

A

It atracts pollenators

29
Q

Types of Pigments

A

Chlorophyll
Carotenoids
Anthocyanine
Betalains

30
Q
  • Most important in driving photosynthesis
  • Green in appearance
A

Chlorophyll

31
Q
  • Found in chromoplast (another plastid)
  • Reflects yellow, orrange, and red
  • Absorbs blue and green
A

Carotenoid

32
Q
  • Water soluble
  • Reflects blue, purple, red
A

Anthocyanine

33
Q
  • Example is dragonfruit
  • Reflects red and yellow
A

Betalains

34
Q

Pigments that allows plants to do photosynthesis

A

Photosynthetic pigments

35
Q

Why do photosynthethic pigments have conjugated double bonds?

A

To allow greater exposure of electrons, allowing them to become excited

36
Q

Parts of the chlorophyll

A

Head Group
Hydrocarbon tail (phytol)

37
Q

Composed of Hydrophillic porphyrin

A

Head Group

38
Q

The anchor and contains physol

A

Tail

39
Q
  • The most important photosynthetic pigment
  • Photosynthetic plants
  • Present due to cyanobacteria
A

Chlorophyll a

40
Q
  • Helps chlorophyll a
  • Found in higher plants
  • Green Algea
A

Chlorophyll b

41
Q

Allows for more energy and photoprotection

A

Accessory Pigments

42
Q

Are specific wavelengths necessary for photosynthesis?

A

Yes

43
Q

What happens when the energy is insufficient or capped for the specific wavelength needed for photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis does not occur

44
Q

Which wavelengths allows for greater light absorption and rate of photosynthesis?

A

Between 400nm - 500nm & 600nm - 700nm

45
Q

A graph that describes the degree of absorptions of light vs wavelength

A

Absorption spectrum

46
Q

Is used to conclude effectiveness of photosynthesis under a specific wavelength

A

Action spectrum

47
Q

What is the relationship between the absorption and action spectrum?

A

Directly proportional

48
Q

Is used to measure the pigments ability to absorb light under a specific wavelength

Data is then polotted into graphs

A

Spectrophotometer

49
Q

Graphs made by the spectrophotometer

A

Absorption (spectrometer) & Action Spectrums

50
Q

Two types of photosynthetic pigments

A

Chlorophyll & Carotenoids

Biology (7 decks)

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