ATP Hydrolysis & Reaction Coupling

Question 1

What does ATP mean?

Answer 1

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 2

Considered as a nucleic acid because it contains the following:
- nitrogenous base
- a sugar
- a phosphate group

Answer 2

ATP

Question 3

An energy source that powers cellular work

Answer 3

ATP

Question 4

Types of Cellular Work

Answer 4

Chemical
Mechanical
Transport

Question 5

Uses transport mechanisms

Pumping of substances across the membranes

Answer 5

Transport

Question 6

Synthesis of polymers from monomers

Answer 6

Chemical

Question 7

Regulated movement (beating of cillia, contraction of muscles)

Answer 7

Mechanical

Question 8

Structure is similar to _____ which is why ATP is used to make this

Answer 8

RNA

Question 9

Adenosine is composed of?

Answer 9

Adenine and Ribose

Question 10

Binds Adenosine & Triphosphate

Answer 10

Phosphoester Bonds

Question 11

Binds within the phosphate group

Answer 11

Phosphoanhydride Bonds

Question 12

Is ATP unstable?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

How would ATP become more stable?

Answer 13

Through Hydrolysis

Question 14

Products of the Hydrolysis of ATP

Answer 14

ADP & Inorganic Phosphate ([HOPO4]2-)

Question 15

Hydrolysis of ATP works through?

Answer 15

Nucleophillic Attack

Question 16

Breakdown of bonds between phosphate groups

Answer 16

Hydrolysis

Question 17

Process of ATP Hydrolisis
- Lone pairs of _____ will try to bind to the ____ group

Answer 17

Oxygen in water; Phosphate

Question 18

Process of ATP Hydrolisis
- Bonding Oxygen and Phosphate is difficult due to ____ ions surrounding it

Answer 18

Negative Oxygen

Question 19

Process of ATP Hydrolisis
- ____ releases positive ions to counteract the negative ions of oxygen of a phosphate group, allowing the oxygen of water to pass through

Answer 19

ATPase

Question 20

Process of ATP Hydrolisis
- After bonding, the phosphate would ____ forming ADP and Inorganic Phosphate

Answer 20

break off

Question 21

Does hydrolysis release energy?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

Hydrolysis releases so much energy because…

Answer 22

• Toxicity is HIGH
• Ions want to get out of the situation

Question 23

The release of energy in hydrolysis can be comparable to a _____

Answer 23

Spring

Question 24

End of hydrolysis permits _____ to detatch from the group (Another term for the last phosphate)

Answer 24

Terminal Phosphate

Question 25

When the terminal phosphate is detatched at the end of hydrolysis what happens?

Answer 25

Energy is released

Question 26

Why is ATP unstable?

Answer 26

Due to the Ions of the phosphate group repelling each other

Question 27

What happens after Hydrolysis releases energy?

Answer 27

Becomes stable, energy released is used to power up reactions

Question 28

Can DNA become unstable?

Answer 28

Yes, but it depends (usually on the individual strands)

Question 29

Exergonic is used to power _____

Answer 29

Endergonic reactions

Question 30

Joining together to form a new compound

Answer 30

Reaction Coupling

Question 31

Is energy stored in bonds?

Answer 31

NO

Only in reactants

Question 32

Amount of energy for standard conditions

Answer 32

-30.5 Kj/mol

Question 33

Amount of energy for typical cellular conditions

Answer 33

-13 Kj/mol

Question 34

Involves energy transfer

Answer 34

Coupled Reactions

Question 35

No energy transfer

Answer 35

Uncoupled Reactions

Question 36

The product of the first reaction is picked-up and used as a reactant of the second product

Answer 36

Shared intermediate

Question 37

Energy generated from the first reaction is used to power the second reaction

Answer 37

Done by photophosphorylation

Question 38

Is ATP Hydrolysis reversable?

Answer 38

Yes