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STEM 302 > Plant Organ Systems and Their Functions 2 > Flashcards

Plant Organ Systems and Their Functions 2 Flashcards

1
Q

TWO DISTINCT ORGAN SYSTEM

A

Shoot System AND Root System

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2
Q

– stems, leaves, and the reproductive
parts of the plant (flowers and fruits)

A

Shoot System

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3
Q

generally grows above ground, where it
absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis

A

Shoot System

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4
Q

supports the plants and absorbs
water and minerals, is usually underground

A

Root System

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5
Q

Root systems are mainly of two types

A

TAPROOT and FIBROUS ROOTS

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6
Q

have a main root that grows down vertically, and from
which many smaller lateral roots arise

A

Tap root systems

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7
Q

Tap roots are typical of

A

dicots

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8
Q

are located closer to the surface and have a dense network of roots

A

Fibrous root systems

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9
Q

Fibrous roots are typical of

A

monocots

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10
Q

are a part of the shoot system of a plant. They provide support to the plant, holding leaves, flowers, and buds

A

Stems

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11
Q

site of photosynthesis

A

Leaves

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12
Q

also connect the roots to the leaves

A

STEM

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13
Q

STEMS CAN BE OF SEVERAL DIFFERENT VARIETIES

A

Branched
Woody
Herbaceous
Unbranched

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14
Q

stems have divisions and side stems

A

Branched

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15
Q

stems are hard and wooded

A

Woody

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16
Q

stems are soft and typically green

A

Herbaceous

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17
Q

stems have a single stem

A

Unbranched

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18
Q

are points of attachment for leaves and flowers

A

Nodes

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19
Q

are the regions of the stem between two nodes

A

Internodes

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20
Q

The tip of the shoot contains the _______ within the ________

A

apical meristem, apical bud

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21
Q

is usually found in the area between the base of a leaf and the stem where it can give rise to a branch or a flower

A

Axillary bud

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22
Q

broad expanded blade

A

Lamina

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23
Q

Leaves are attached to the plant stem by a

A

Petiole

24
Q

the edge of the leaf

A

Margin

25
Q

the tip of a leaf

A

Tip

26
Q

thick, large single vein along the midline of the leaf

A

Midrib

27
Q

carries food/water throughout the leaf; acts as a structure support

A

Vein

28
Q

Outer protective layer of th eprimary plant body (the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits,
and seeds).

A

Epidermis

29
Q

is usually one cell layer thick, and its cells lack chloroplasts

A

Epidermis

30
Q

Epidermis may contain ______ and _______ that allow gas exchange

A

stomata and guard cells

31
Q

A collection of cells performing a specific function is called

A

Tissue

32
Q

Plant tissue systems fall into one of two general types

A

meristematic tissue and permanent (or non-meristematic) tissue

33
Q

Helps form new vertical
growth (height) upwards with new branches and leaves.

A

Shoot Apical Meristem

34
Q

Necessary for extending the
root network into the soil to obtain water and nutrients

A

Root Apical Meristem

35
Q

Produces growth in stems, branches, and the trunks of trees

A

LATERAL MERISTEM

36
Q

Secondary growth and Responsible to produce bark on woody trees

A

LATERAL MERISTEM

37
Q

Located in between mature tissue sections
& responsible for primary growth in monocots.

A

INTERCALARY MERISTEM

38
Q

Cotyledon is that it is the first leaf of the ____________ and will be the first part of a plant to emerge from the seed. It provides nutrients to the developing embryo and can be photosynthetic in some cases

A

Plant Embryo

39
Q

Contains non-dividing cells.

A

Permanent tissue

40
Q

Large vacuoles are also present
inside these cells.

A

Permanent tissue

41
Q

Composed of thin-walled cells and makes up the photosynthetic tissue in leaves, the pulp of fruits, and the endosperm of many seeds.

A

Parenchyma

42
Q

Main function is to provide flexibility to the plants as well as mechanical support.

A

Collenchyma

43
Q

Elongated shape
Corners of the cell wall are thickened
Different shapes and sizes
& provides rigidity and mechanical support to the plant body. They also make the plant stiff and hard.

A

Sclerenchyma

44
Q

Responsible for the conduction of
water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and stem.

A

Xylem

45
Q

Translocation of food that is prepared by photosynthesis in the leaves to various parts of the plant.

A

Phloem

46
Q

___________ is composed of columns of sieve tube cells that have holes in their lateral walls and that helps in the conduction of food throughout the plant.

A

Sieve tube

47
Q

__________ are closely associated with a sieve element.

A

Companion cells

48
Q

These are elongated cells.

A

Tracheids

49
Q

is that it is the first leaf of the plant embryo and will be the first part of a plant to emerge from the seed Cotyledon

A

Cotyledon

50
Q

types of permanent tissues

A
  1. SIMPLE PERMANENT TISSUE
  2. COMPLEX PERMANENT TISSUE
51
Q

types of simple permanent tissues

A
  1. Parenchyma
  2. Collenchyma
  3. Sclerenchyma
52
Q

types of complex permanent tissues

A
  1. Xylem
  2. Phloem
53
Q

elements of xylem

A

tracheids and vessel elements

54
Q

are large and wide

A

vessel elements

55
Q

Elements of phloem

A

Sieve tubes, Companion Cells

STEM 302 (7 decks)

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