Plant Organ Systems and Their Functions 2

Question 1

TWO DISTINCT ORGAN SYSTEM

Answer 1

Shoot System AND Root System

Question 2

– stems, leaves, and the reproductive
parts of the plant (flowers and fruits)

Answer 2

Shoot System

Question 3

generally grows above ground, where it
absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis

Answer 3

Shoot System

Question 4

supports the plants and absorbs
water and minerals, is usually underground

Answer 4

Root System

Question 5

Root systems are mainly of two types

Answer 5

TAPROOT and FIBROUS ROOTS

Question 6

have a main root that grows down vertically, and from
which many smaller lateral roots arise

Answer 6

Tap root systems

Question 7

Tap roots are typical of

Answer 7

dicots

Question 8

are located closer to the surface and have a dense network of roots

Answer 8

Fibrous root systems

Question 9

Fibrous roots are typical of

Answer 9

monocots

Question 10

are a part of the shoot system of a plant. They provide support to the plant, holding leaves, flowers, and buds

Answer 10

Stems

Question 11

site of photosynthesis

Answer 11

Leaves

Question 12

also connect the roots to the leaves

Answer 12

STEM

Question 13

STEMS CAN BE OF SEVERAL DIFFERENT VARIETIES

Answer 13

Branched
Woody
Herbaceous
Unbranched

Question 14

stems have divisions and side stems

Answer 14

Branched

Question 15

stems are hard and wooded

Answer 15

Woody

Question 16

stems are soft and typically green

Answer 16

Herbaceous

Question 17

stems have a single stem

Answer 17

Unbranched

Question 18

are points of attachment for leaves and flowers

Answer 18

Nodes

Question 19

are the regions of the stem between two nodes

Answer 19

Internodes

Question 20

The tip of the shoot contains the _______ within the ________

Answer 20

apical meristem, apical bud

Question 21

is usually found in the area between the base of a leaf and the stem where it can give rise to a branch or a flower

Answer 21

Axillary bud

Question 22

broad expanded blade

Answer 22

Lamina

Question 23

Leaves are attached to the plant stem by a

Answer 23

Petiole

Question 24

the edge of the leaf

Answer 24

Margin

Question 25

the tip of a leaf

Answer 25

Tip

Question 26

thick, large single vein along the midline of the leaf

Answer 26

Midrib

Question 27

carries food/water throughout the leaf; acts as a structure support

Answer 27

Vein

Question 28

Outer protective layer of th eprimary plant body (the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds).

Answer 28

Epidermis

Question 29

is usually one cell layer thick, and its cells lack chloroplasts

Answer 29

Epidermis

Question 30

Epidermis may contain ______ and _______ that allow gas exchange

Answer 30

stomata and guard cells

Question 31

A collection of cells performing a specific function is called

Answer 31

Tissue

Question 32

Plant tissue systems fall into one of two general types

Answer 32

meristematic tissue and permanent (or non-meristematic) tissue

Question 33

Helps form new vertical growth (height) upwards with new branches and leaves.

Answer 33

Shoot Apical Meristem

Question 34

Necessary for extending the root network into the soil to obtain water and nutrients

Answer 34

Root Apical Meristem

Question 35

Produces growth in stems, branches, and the trunks of trees

Answer 35

LATERAL MERISTEM

Question 36

Secondary growth and Responsible to produce bark on woody trees

Answer 36

LATERAL MERISTEM

Question 37

Located in between mature tissue sections & responsible for primary growth in monocots.

Answer 37

INTERCALARY MERISTEM

Question 38

Cotyledon is that it is the first leaf of the ____________ and will be the first part of a plant to emerge from the seed. It provides nutrients to the developing embryo and can be photosynthetic in some cases

Answer 38

Plant Embryo

Question 39

Contains non-dividing cells.

Answer 39

Permanent tissue

Question 40

Large vacuoles are also present inside these cells.

Answer 40

Permanent tissue

Question 41

Composed of thin-walled cells and makes up the photosynthetic tissue in leaves, the pulp of fruits, and the endosperm of many seeds.

Answer 41

Parenchyma

Question 42

Main function is to provide flexibility to the plants as well as mechanical support.

Answer 42

Collenchyma

Question 43

Elongated shape Corners of the cell wall are thickened Different shapes and sizes & provides rigidity and mechanical support to the plant body. They also make the plant stiff and hard.

Answer 43

Sclerenchyma

Question 44

Responsible for the conduction of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and stem.

Answer 44

Xylem

Question 45

Translocation of food that is prepared by photosynthesis in the leaves to various parts of the plant.

Answer 45

Phloem

Question 46

___________ is composed of columns of sieve tube cells that have holes in their lateral walls and that helps in the conduction of food throughout the plant.

Answer 46

Sieve tube

Question 47

__________ are closely associated with a sieve element.

Answer 47

Companion cells

Question 48

These are elongated cells.

Answer 48

Tracheids

Question 49

is that it is the first leaf of the plant embryo and will be the first part of a plant to emerge from the seed Cotyledon

Answer 49

Cotyledon

Question 50

types of permanent tissues

Answer 50

1. SIMPLE PERMANENT TISSUE 2. COMPLEX PERMANENT TISSUE

Question 51

types of simple permanent tissues

Answer 51

1. Parenchyma 2. Collenchyma 3. Sclerenchyma

Question 52

types of complex permanent tissues

Answer 52

1. Xylem 2. Phloem

Question 53

elements of xylem

Answer 53

tracheids and vessel elements

Question 54

are large and wide

Answer 54

vessel elements

Question 55

Elements of phloem

Answer 55

Sieve tubes, Companion Cells