Plant Nutrition/Transport Flashcards
What is the Photosynthesis word equation?
Carbon dioxide + water - glucose + oxygen (light)
What is the Photosynthesis symbol equation?
6CO2 + 6H2O - C6H12O6 + 6O2
How are leaves adapted for efficient Photosynthesis?
- Broad-large SA exposed to light
- Chloroplasts in palisade layer- at top so get the most light
- Upper Epidermis is transparent-light passes through palisade layer
- Waxy Cuticle reduces water loss by evaporation
- Xylem&Phloem deliver nutrients/water to leaf & take away glucose and keep structure
- Adaptions of leaves for efficient gas exchange- stomata let CO2 diffuse into leaf
What is a limiting factor for Photosynthesis:
- Light intensity
- CO2
- Concentration
- Temperature
How do you test a leaf for Starch?
- Dunk leaf in boiling water to stop chemical reactions
- Put leaf in boiling tube with ethanol and heat to get rid of any chlorophyll - goes white colour
- Rinse leaf in cold water
- Add iodine solution - If Starch present leaf will turn blue/black
How do you show that Light is needed for Photosynthesis?
- Cut a leaf which has not been exposed to light and use iodine solution to test for Starch
- Leaf won’t turn blue black therefore shows light is needed for Photosynthesis as no Starch has been made
How do you show that Chlorophyll is needed for Photosynthesis?
- Take variegated leaf that’s been exposed to light, record hits which are green and which aren’t
- Only green bits turn blue/black
- Therefore shows that the only bits on leaf with chlorophyll can photosynthesise
How do you show that CO2 is needed for Photosynthesis?
•In bell jar, soda lime absorbs CO2 our of jar
•If leave leaf in jar for while & test it, it won’t tell blue/black
.•Therefore,
What main mineral ions to plants need for growth?
- Nitrates
- Phosphates
- Potassium
- Magnesium I’m smaller amounts
What do Nitrates contain, what is it needed for and what happens if plants don’t get enough of it?
- Contain nitrogen for making amino acids and proteins
- Needed for cell growth
- If doesn’t get enough plant will be stunted and older leaves turn yellow
What do Phosphates contain, what is it needed for and what happens if plants don’t get enough of it?
- Contain phosphorous for making DNA and cell membranes
- Needed for respiration & growth
- If don’t have enough plants have poor root growth and older leaves are purple
What is Potassium needed for and what happens if plants don’t get enough of it?
- Needed to help enzymes for Photosynthesis and respiration
* If not enough in soil plants have poor flower and fruit growth and discoloured leaves
What is Magnesium Needed for and what happens if plants don’t get enough of it?
- Needed for making chlorophyll which is for photosynthesis
* If don’t have enough plants have yellow leaves
What are the transport systems in plants and what do they do?
- Xylem Tubes-transport water and minerals from root to leaves in the transpiration stream
- Phloem Tubes - transport sugars (sucrose, amino acids) from where they made to other parts of plant - movement of sugars called translocation
What is diffusion like in Unicellular organisms for transporting substances in plants?
- Diffuse directly in and out of cell across cell membrane
* Diffusion rate is quick because short distance to travel
