Plant Nutrition and Transport Flashcards
Photosynthesis equation
Carbon dioxide + Water —– Glucose + Oxygen
6CO² + 6H²O ——C⁶H¹²O⁶ + 6O²
How are leaves adapted for photosynthesis
large surface area exposed to light
chloroplasts in palisade layer (top) to absorb most light
upper epidermis is transparent for light to pass through
stomata lets CO² diffuse out
what are the factors of photosynthesis ?
temp
CO² concentration
light intensity
what are the Three main mineral ions for growth (plants)?
Nitrates
Phosphates
Potassium
(magnesium)
what are nitrates needed for in plants?
what does a deficiency lead to?
contain amino acids and proteins
use - cell growth
deficiency - yellow leaves / stunts growth
what are phosphates needed for in plants?
what does a deficiency lead to?
contain phosphorus (makes DNA and cell membranes) use - respiration and growth deficiency - poor root growth / purple leaves
what is potassium needed for in plants?
what does a deficiency lead to?
helps enzymes
use - photosynthesis and respiration
deficiency - poor flower&fruit growth/discoloured leaves
what is magnesium needed for in plants?
what does a deficiency lead to?
not one of 3 main ions but still needed for making chloroplasts
use - photosynthesis
deficiency - yellow leaves
what do plant cells need?
water, minerals and sugars
what is the function of the xylem ?
transport minerals and water from roots up the shoot to the leaves in the transpiration stream
what is the function of the phloem ?
transports sugars (like sucrose and amino acids) from where they are made to other parts of plant this is called translocation
what is function of root hair cells ?
how are they adapted to do so?
each root cell has long hair sticking out into soil, covered in millions of microscopic hairs - large surface area for absorbing water
water taken in by osmosis - water concentration usually higher on outside
(also take in minerals - active transport)
what is transpiration ?
how does it work?
loss of water from a plant by evaporation
sun energy changes it to gas, then diffuses out of the stomata (water concentration is higher in plant)
what is the transpiration stream ?
why is it needed?
flow of water through a plant
as water gets evaporated off leaves, water drawn up from xylem to replace it
what are the factors of transpiration ?
light
temperature
wind speed
humidity
