Plant Nutrition and Gas Exchange Flashcards
What are the pores in leaves called?
Stomata
How do you investigate the Distribution of Stomata on Leaf Surfaces?
By painting nail polish on either side
putting sellotape on both sides
taking the sellotape off
looking at it through a microscope
On which surface of the leaf are more Stomata found?
The bottom of the leaf
How is the distribution advantageous for the plant?
It reduces water loss by evaporation
How would a grower increase the carbon dioxide of the air with the same equipment used for heating a greenhouse?
By using a gas fire - CO2 released by combustion
How could a lack of nitrate ions affect the growth of plants?
- it won’t let them grow
- it will have to weak of a stem
- amino acids / proteins are needed for growth
Describe an investigation to show that light is a requirement of photosynthesis
test tube plants:
- leave one in the dark and one in the light
- see what happens after 1 week - test for glucose and starch
Where do minerals come from?
They are produced naturally by decay and decomposition of dead organisms
What are the two types of fertiliser?
Chemical - expensive - contains minerals
Natural - cheap - contains manure and compost
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H20 –> C6H12O6 + 602
What can minerals do?
Nitrogen - make amino acids, proteins, DNA
Magnesium - makes chlorophyll
What is photosynthesis?
It is the process that produces food in plants in the form of glucose
What do flowering plants have to firmly anchor them to the ground?
Roots
What do flowering plants have to hold them upright?
Stems
Why do flowering plants have stems?
- keep them upright
- transport substances between their various parts
What do leaves use from light to make food?
Energy
What is light energy absorbed by?
Chlorophyll
What is chlorophyll usually found in?
Chloroplast
Energy is used to convert what to a sugar?
Carbon dioxide and Water
What is the sugar that is made called?
Glucose
What gas is released as a by-product?
Oxygen
How do you Test a Leaf for Starch?
- Dip a leaf into boiling water
- Put the leaf into a test tube of ethanol
- Wash the leaf in cold water
- Cover the leaf in iodine solution
Testing a Leaf for Starch: What did the leaf look like after it had been heated in ethanol?
White
Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why was it important to remove the chlorophyll from the leaf before it was tested for starch?
You wouldn’t be able to see a change
Testing a Leaf for Starch: What colour should the leaf go after iodine solution is added?
Blue / Black
Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why is important to turn off the Bunsen Burner when heating the ethanol?
Ethanol is highly flammable
Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why do we place the leaf in boiling water?
To kill the leaf and prevent further chemical changes
Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why do we place the leaf in alcohol?
It removes the green pigment chlorophyll but doesn’t remove the starch
Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: What gas is used in respiration?
Oxygen
Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: What gas is produced in respiration?
Carbon Dioxde
Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: If the test tube turns purple what does this mean?
There is little CO2
Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: If the test tube turns yellow what does this mean?
There is a lot of C02
Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: If the test tube turns red what does this mean?
It means there is a normal amount of C02
Light Intensity on rate of photosynthesis in pondweed:
As the distance of the lamp increases, the number of bubbles released by the pondweed:
Decreases
Light Intensity on rate of photosynthesis in pondweed: Why does the distance of the lamp decrease the amount of bubbles released by the pondweed?
There is not enough light for the plant to photosynthesise properly, so less oxygen is produced meaning less bubbles
How is the excretory product of photosynthesis removed from the leaf?
It is removed through stomata in leaves - diffusion
