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GCSE Biology > Plant Nutrition and Gas Exchange > Flashcards

Plant Nutrition and Gas Exchange Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the pores in leaves called?

A

Stomata

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2
Q

How do you investigate the Distribution of Stomata on Leaf Surfaces?

A

By painting nail polish on either side
putting sellotape on both sides
taking the sellotape off
looking at it through a microscope

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3
Q

On which surface of the leaf are more Stomata found?

A

The bottom of the leaf

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4
Q

How is the distribution advantageous for the plant?

A

It reduces water loss by evaporation

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5
Q

How would a grower increase the carbon dioxide of the air with the same equipment used for heating a greenhouse?

A

By using a gas fire - CO2 released by combustion

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6
Q

How could a lack of nitrate ions affect the growth of plants?

A
  • it won’t let them grow
  • it will have to weak of a stem
  • amino acids / proteins are needed for growth
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7
Q

Describe an investigation to show that light is a requirement of photosynthesis

A

test tube plants:

  • leave one in the dark and one in the light
  • see what happens after 1 week - test for glucose and starch
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8
Q

Where do minerals come from?

A

They are produced naturally by decay and decomposition of dead organisms

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9
Q

What are the two types of fertiliser?

A

Chemical - expensive - contains minerals

Natural - cheap - contains manure and compost

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10
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen

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11
Q

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 + 6H20 –> C6H12O6 + 602

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12
Q

What can minerals do?

A

Nitrogen - make amino acids, proteins, DNA

Magnesium - makes chlorophyll

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13
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

It is the process that produces food in plants in the form of glucose

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14
Q

What do flowering plants have to firmly anchor them to the ground?

A

Roots

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15
Q

What do flowering plants have to hold them upright?

A

Stems

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16
Q

Why do flowering plants have stems?

A
  • keep them upright

- transport substances between their various parts

17
Q

What do leaves use from light to make food?

A

Energy

18
Q

What is light energy absorbed by?

A

Chlorophyll

19
Q

What is chlorophyll usually found in?

A

Chloroplast

20
Q

Energy is used to convert what to a sugar?

A

Carbon dioxide and Water

21
Q

What is the sugar that is made called?

A

Glucose

22
Q

What gas is released as a by-product?

A

Oxygen

23
Q

How do you Test a Leaf for Starch?

A
  • Dip a leaf into boiling water
  • Put the leaf into a test tube of ethanol
  • Wash the leaf in cold water
  • Cover the leaf in iodine solution
24
Q

Testing a Leaf for Starch: What did the leaf look like after it had been heated in ethanol?

A

White

25
Q

Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why was it important to remove the chlorophyll from the leaf before it was tested for starch?

A

You wouldn’t be able to see a change

26
Q

Testing a Leaf for Starch: What colour should the leaf go after iodine solution is added?

A

Blue / Black

27
Q

Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why is important to turn off the Bunsen Burner when heating the ethanol?

A

Ethanol is highly flammable

28
Q

Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why do we place the leaf in boiling water?

A

To kill the leaf and prevent further chemical changes

29
Q

Testing a Leaf for Starch: Why do we place the leaf in alcohol?

A

It removes the green pigment chlorophyll but doesn’t remove the starch

30
Q

Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: What gas is used in respiration?

A

Oxygen

31
Q

Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: What gas is produced in respiration?

A

Carbon Dioxde

32
Q

Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: If the test tube turns purple what does this mean?

A

There is little CO2

33
Q

Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: If the test tube turns yellow what does this mean?

A

There is a lot of C02

34
Q

Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator and Respiration: If the test tube turns red what does this mean?

A

It means there is a normal amount of C02

35
Q

Light Intensity on rate of photosynthesis in pondweed:

As the distance of the lamp increases, the number of bubbles released by the pondweed:

A

Decreases

36
Q

Light Intensity on rate of photosynthesis in pondweed: Why does the distance of the lamp decrease the amount of bubbles released by the pondweed?

A

There is not enough light for the plant to photosynthesise properly, so less oxygen is produced meaning less bubbles

37
Q

How is the excretory product of photosynthesis removed from the leaf?

A

It is removed through stomata in leaves - diffusion

GCSE Biology (25 decks)

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