Human Nutrition Flashcards
What is the essential idea of human nutrition?
A balanced diet is essential to human health
What does a lack of essential amino acids affect?
The production of proteins
Dietary minerals are essential ….
Chemical elements
What are vitamins?
Chemically diverse carbon compounds that cannot by synthesised by the body
Some fatty acids and some amino acids are …
Essential
What could malnutrition be caused by?
A deficiency, imbalance or excess of nutrients in the diet
What is appetite controlled by?
A centre in the hypothalamus
What are overweight individuals more likely to suffer from?
Type 2 diabetes and hypertension
What can starvation lead to?
Breakdown of body tissue
What cannot be synthesised by the body?
Essential nutrients
What has to be included in the diet because they can’t be synthesised by the body?
Essential nutrients
What can a lack of vitamin D or calcium affect?
Bone mineralization
What can a lack of vitamin D or calcium cause?
Rickets or osteomalacia
What can anorexia lead to?
A breakdown of heart muscle
What colour is iodine solution in the presence of starch?
Blue-black
Proteases catalyse the breakdown of…
Proteins into amino acids
What is a single lipid molecule made up of?
Glycerol and fatty acids
What disease does Vitamin C prevent?
Scurvy
Why is iron needed in the diet?
To make haemoglobin
Where is bile produced?
In the liver
Where is bile stored?
In the gall bladder
To children/teens need more or less energ6 that older people?
More
What substance is broken down by amylase?
Starch
How is the small intestine adapted for absorption of food?
Large surface area
Good blood supply
What is the role of the large intestine?
Absorption of water excess
