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GCSE Biology > Human Nutrition > Flashcards

Human Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the essential idea of human nutrition?

A

A balanced diet is essential to human health

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2
Q

What does a lack of essential amino acids affect?

A

The production of proteins

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3
Q

Dietary minerals are essential ….

A

Chemical elements

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4
Q

What are vitamins?

A

Chemically diverse carbon compounds that cannot by synthesised by the body

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5
Q

Some fatty acids and some amino acids are …

A

Essential

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6
Q

What could malnutrition be caused by?

A

A deficiency, imbalance or excess of nutrients in the diet

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7
Q

What is appetite controlled by?

A

A centre in the hypothalamus

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8
Q

What are overweight individuals more likely to suffer from?

A

Type 2 diabetes and hypertension

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9
Q

What can starvation lead to?

A

Breakdown of body tissue

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10
Q

What cannot be synthesised by the body?

A

Essential nutrients

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11
Q

What has to be included in the diet because they can’t be synthesised by the body?

A

Essential nutrients

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12
Q

What can a lack of vitamin D or calcium affect?

A

Bone mineralization

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13
Q

What can a lack of vitamin D or calcium cause?

A

Rickets or osteomalacia

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14
Q

What can anorexia lead to?

A

A breakdown of heart muscle

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15
Q

What colour is iodine solution in the presence of starch?

A

Blue-black

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16
Q

Proteases catalyse the breakdown of…

A

Proteins into amino acids

17
Q

What is a single lipid molecule made up of?

A

Glycerol and fatty acids

18
Q

What disease does Vitamin C prevent?

A

Scurvy

19
Q

Why is iron needed in the diet?

A

To make haemoglobin

20
Q

Where is bile produced?

A

In the liver

21
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

In the gall bladder

22
Q

To children/teens need more or less energ6 that older people?

A

More

23
Q

What substance is broken down by amylase?

A

Starch

24
Q

How is the small intestine adapted for absorption of food?

A

Large surface area

Good blood supply

25
Q

What is the role of the large intestine?

A

Absorption of water excess

GCSE Biology (25 decks)

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