Plant Evolution

Question 1

green algae

Answer 1

plant ancestors

Question 2

bryophytes

Answer 2

2 on evolution list

Moss
new: cutin on leaves, multicellular gametangia

Question 3

fern & allies

Answer 3

3 on evolution list

seedless vascular plant. Devonian period

Question 4

major evolutionary events in seed plants

Answer 4

evolution of seeds & evolution of pollination

Question 5

what changed with the evolution of seeds

Answer 5

-pollination replaces sperm swimming to egg
-adapted for terrestrial life
-seed is sporophyte, embryo, food supply in protective coat
-gametophyte is reduced and dependent on sporophyte

Question 6

gymnosperm

Answer 6

4 on evolution list naked seed. wind pollination. woody plants.

Question 7

angiosperm

Answer 7

5 on list

flowering plant

Question 8

major evolutionary event with flowering plant

Answer 8

co evolved with pollinators
evolution of fruits

Question 9

prokaryote

Answer 9

no nucleus. bacteria, Cyanobacteria, blue-green algae

Question 10

eukaryote

Answer 10

has nucleus

Question 11

protista

Answer 11

algae. eukaryotic, not land plant, animal, or fungus

Question 12

pterophyta

Answer 12

fern. vascular plant that reproduces by spores

Question 13

xylem

Answer 13

water.

Question 14

phloem

Answer 14

sugar nutrients

Question 15

algae has:

Answer 15

cell wall, neucleus, cell membrane, chloroplants

Question 16

are plants 1 cell big

Answer 16

no.

Question 17

gaemtangia

Answer 17

reproductive organs that produce sex cells

Question 18

alteration of generations

Answer 18

plants alternate between 2 life stages (generations) during the life cycle

Question 19

cutin

Answer 19

waxy layer on leaf

Question 20

seed

Answer 20

structure that encloses and protects a developing embryo

Question 21

evolution of pollination

Answer 21

transfer of male gametophyte to the female gametophyte without water

Question 22

diploid

Answer 22

2n

Question 23

haploid

Answer 23

1n

Question 24

sporophyte

Answer 24

is the diploid multicellular stage in the life

Question 25

gametophyte

Answer 25

one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore that has one set of chromosomes

Question 26

what is skin for

Answer 26

to protect

Question 27

ginkophytes

Answer 27

only 1 species. tree with fan shaped leaves. ginko biloba

Question 28

cyadophyta

Answer 28

stem branched with terminal palm like leaves. cone like sporophylls.cyads

Question 29

coniferophyta

Answer 29

conifers.
sporophylls modified into cones. wind pollinated. xylem with tracheids but no vessels

Question 30

sporophyll

Answer 30

leaf that produces spores

Question 31

anthophyta

Answer 31

flowering plants. reproductive organs within flower. has ovary. seed in fruit. pollinated by insects and birds

Question 32

reproductive organs in plants

Answer 32

stamen (male)
pistil (female)

Question 33

monocot

Answer 33

parallel vineation.
ex. corn.

Question 34

dicot

Answer 34

net vineation
ex. bean

Question 35

gametes

Answer 35

sex cell.

Question 36

antheridium

Answer 36

male sex organ of non-flowering plants
“House” for male sperm

Question 37

archegonium

Answer 37

female sex cell in non-flowering plant
“House” for eggs

Question 38

zygote

Answer 38

fertalized ovum

Question 39

embryo

Answer 39

early stage of development for multicellular organism

Question 40

spores

Answer 40

unit of sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction

Question 41

sporangium

Answer 41

where spores are formed

Question 42

plant tissues:

Answer 42

xylem and phloem

Question 43

epidermis

Answer 43

skin

Question 44

cortex

Answer 44

layer of tissue in the stem or root of a vascular plant that sits between epidermis and vascular bundles

Question 45

perennial

Answer 45

multiple seasons

Question 46

annual

Answer 46

1 season.