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Year 9 Biology > Plant Biology > Flashcards

Plant Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

The final stage of plant reproduction is what

A

The production of a seed

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2
Q

What does the seed contain

A

All the information needed in order for a new plant to grow

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3
Q

When the conditions are just right the seeds will begin to grow in a process called

A

Germination

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4
Q

What does germination involve

A

“the breaking open of the seed coat and the development of structures that will eventually become the stem and root of the plant.
”

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5
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

Plants, like animals need what to grow and stay healthy

A

Vitamins and minerals

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6
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

They need calcium (Ca) for what

A

To build cell walls

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7
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

Magnesium (mg) for what

A

Chlorophyll formation

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8
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

Nitrogen (n) for what

A

Amino acid and protein formation

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9
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

No nitrogen will lead to what

A

Yellow/green leaves and a weak stem

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10
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

No potassium will lead to what

A

Poor flower and fruit growth

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11
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

No phosphorus will lead to what

A

Purple leaves and poor root growth

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12
Q

Mineral requirements of plants:

No magnesium will lead to what

A

Leaves turn yellow from bottom upwards

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13
Q

Plant roots are covered in what which take in what

A

Root hair cells which take in minerals and water from the soil

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14
Q

Root hairs greatly increase what, so what benefit does that

A

“the surface area of the root so that the maximum amount of water and minerals can be absorbed.
”

Excerpt“the surface area of the root so that the maximum amount of water and minerals can be absorbed.
”

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15
Q

What else do the root hairs do

A

To anchor the plant in the soil

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16
Q

Leaf structure:

Green plants do what

A

“Green plants trap the energy from sunlight and use the raw materials of carbon dioxide and water to produce the products glucose and oxygen.
”

17
Q

Leaf structure:

What was that process called

A

Photosynthesis

18
Q

Leaf structure:

Photosynthesis can be represented by what

A

This word equation…
Light
CarbonDioxide+water——-> glucose+oxygen

                              Chlorophyll
19
Q

The structure and role of different leaf layers:

Structure-epidermis

A

Role- protects leaf, stops bacteria and viruses entering the leaf

20
Q

The structure and role of different leaf layers:

Structure-palisade mesophyll

A

Role - most photosynthesis occurs here, cells packed with chloroplasts

21
Q

The structure and role of different leaf layers:

Structure- spongy mesophyll

A

Role - some photosynthesis occurs here, less chloroplasts than palisade, allows easy movement of gases

22
Q

The structure and role of different leaf layers:

Structure- vein

A

Role - carries water in xylem, food in phloem

23
Q

The structure and role of different leaf layers:

Structure- guard cells

A

Role- increase and decrease in size to control size of the stomata

24
Q

The structure and role of different leaf layers:

Structure- stomata

A

Role - small pores, allows gases in and out of leaf and how water is lost from the leaf. There are more stomata on the lower surface of the leaf

25
Q

During the day plants carry out what

A

Photosynthesis and respiration

26
Q

What do plants do at night

A

At night plants only respire as there is no light for photosynthesis

27
Q

Why is respiration essential to plants

A

“because it is the process by which ENERGY is released from the glucose produced during photosynthesis.
”

28
Q

Respiration word equation

A

Glucose + oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water + energy

29
Q

At night why does respiration only occur

A

Because there isn’t any light for photosynthesis to occur but the plant also needs to respire to survive

30
Q

At midday when the light intensity is high, the rate of photosynthesis is faster than the rate of respiration but why

A

Because there is more light, for more photosynthesis therefore more growth

31
Q

At dawn and dusk the rate of respiration and photosynthesis are equal but why

A

There’s an equal amount of light as there is not light (little sunlight for some photosynthesis to occur. Respiration is constant

Year 9 Biology (6 decks)

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