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Biology > Plant > Flashcards

Plant Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Flowering Plants

A

Consist of a shoot and a root.

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2
Q

The shoot

A

Consists of the stem, leaves, buds and flowers.

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3
Q

The root

A

Anchors the plant, absorbs water and minerals from the soil and stores food made in the leaves.

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4
Q

The stem

A

Supports the leaves and flowers and allows for the transport of materials up and down the plant.

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5
Q

The leaf

A

makes food, loses water vapor and exchanges the gases carbon dioxide and oxygen with the air.

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6
Q

The flower

A

Is for reproduction, it forms the seeds.

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7
Q

Plants are identified

A

By their flowers and leaves

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8
Q

Photosynthesis

A

The process by which green plants make food. It’s carried in all the green parts of the plant - especially the leaves.

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9
Q

Chlorophyll

A

The green chemical needed for photosynthesis found in the chloroplasts of plant cells. It traps lights energy and uses it to combine carbon dioxide and water to form glucose and oxygen.

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10
Q

Glucose

A

Travels around the plant in special cells called phloem.

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11
Q

Leaves

A

Are specially designed for photosynthesis

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12
Q

Carbon dioxide, water, light and chlorophyll

A

Are needed for photosynthesis to occur

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13
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Enters the leaf from the air

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14
Q

Water

A

Is absorbed from the soil through the roots

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15
Q

Boiling

A

Kills cells and softens the leaf

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16
Q

Methylated spirit

A

Removes chlorophyll from the leaf

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17
Q

Rinsed

A

To soften it

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18
Q

Iodine

A

To test the leaf for the presence of starch

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19
Q

Xylem vessels

A

Where water and vessels move up through the plant.

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20
Q

Transpiration

A

The loss of water vapor from the leaves of a plant.

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21
Q

Stomata

A

Little holes underneath leafs where water leaves the plant.

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22
Q

Transpiration provides

A

Water for photosynthesis, carries minerals in the water and cools the plant.

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23
Q

Phloem

A

Where food is transported from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

24
Q

Tropism

A

The growth of a plant in response to a stimulus

25
Q

Phototropism

A

Is a plants growth response to gravity.

26
Q

Plant stems

A

Grow towards the light, allowing their leaves to get light.

27
Q

Geotropism

A

A plants growth response to gravity.

28
Q

Plant roots

A

Grow towards the source of gravity, allowing them to get water

29
Q

Plants reproduce sexually

A

By means of flowers

30
Q

Petals

A

Are coloured and scented to attract insects.

31
Q

The sepal

A

Protects the flower before it blooms

32
Q

The male part (stamen)

A

Consists of the anther and filament.

33
Q

The female part (carpel)

A

Consists of the stigma, style and ovary

34
Q

Pollen

A

Made in the anther of the stamen

35
Q

The egg

A

Made in the ovary of the carpel

36
Q

Pollination

A

The transfer of pollen from anther to stigma. Plants are pollinated by either insects or wind.

37
Q

Fertilisation

A

Is the fusion of the pollen nucleus with the egg nucleus to form a zygote

38
Q

A seed

A

A fertilised ovule

39
Q

The ovary wall

A

Becomes the fruit

40
Q

Seeds are dispersed to

A

Avoid competition and are dispersed by animal, wind, self-dispersal or water

41
Q

Animal dispersal

A

The bird dispersed the seeds

42
Q

Wind dispersal

A

Of dandelion seeds

43
Q

Self dispersal

A

Pea pods explode

44
Q

Water dispersal

A

Seeds float away

45
Q

Germination

A

The growth of a seed into a new plant

46
Q

Seed germination

A

Necessary to form a new plant.

47
Q

The seed consists of

A

the testa (seed coat), the food supply, the plumule (young shoot) and the radicle (young root)

48
Q

Water, oxygen and heat

A

Are needed for germination

49
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Involves only one parent

50
Q

A geranium

A

Can reproduce asexually by using leaf cuttings, a cut geranium leaf placed in the soil will grow into a new plant

51
Q

Other examples of asexual reproduction include

A

Tulip and daffodil bulbs, strawberry runners

52
Q

Air, water and soil temperatures

A

Are taken using a thermometer

53
Q

Light intensity in the habitat

A

Is measured using a light meter

54
Q

Equipment used for collecting animals

A

Pooter, a net, a beating tray and a pitfall trap

55
Q

A quadrat

A

Used to estimate plant numbers.

56
Q

Line transect

A

Used to show changes in plant numbers across a boundary in the habitat.

57
Q

Simple keys

A

A set of simple questions which are asked about the organism you’re trying to identify.

Biology (12 decks)

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