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Biology > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ovaries

A

Store and release eggs

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2
Q

Fallopian tube

A

Carry the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here

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3
Q

Uterus

A

Is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

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4
Q

Cervix

A

Leads from the vagina to the uterus

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5
Q

Vagina

A

Holds the penis during sexual intercourse, forms birth canal during birth

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6
Q

Gamete

A

Is a sex cell

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7
Q

The male gamete

A

Is a sperm

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8
Q

The female gamete

A

Is an egg

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9
Q

The testes

A

Produce sperm

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10
Q

Sperm duct brings

A

The sperm from the testes to the penis

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11
Q

Penis

A

Enters the female and ejaculates semen

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12
Q

Ovulation

A

An egg is released from ovary an average every 28 days

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13
Q

Menstration

A

The lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina

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14
Q

Fertile period

A

These are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant.

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15
Q

Puberty

A

Describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature

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16
Q

Copulation

A

Is another name for sexual intercourse

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17
Q

Fertilisation

A

The fusing of the gametes to form a zygote

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18
Q

Zygote

A

Egg and sperm fuse to form a single cell

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19
Q

Embryo

A

Division of the zygote occurs and it grows. Attaches to the lining of the uterus (implantation)

20
Q

Foetus

A

After 8 weeks looks like a human

21
Q

Implantation

A

Occurs when the fertilised egg lodges itself on the lining of the uterus

22
Q

Pregnancy

A

40 Weeks

23
Q

Amniotic fluid

A

As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid

24
Q

Umbilical cord

A

A tube joining the embryo to the placenta

25
Q

Placenta

A

Rich in blood vessels, food, oxygen, wastes and carbon dioxide are swapped between the mother and baby. Blood does not mix

26
Q

Family planning

A

To control the number of children you have, you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place

27
Q

Natural methods of contraception

A

Aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period

28
Q

Artificial methods of contraception

A

Prevent the sperm and egg meeting

29
Q

Abstain

A

It is important to realise no method is 100% reliable, to abstain from sex (to not have sexual intercourse) is the only way to avoid pregnancy

30
Q

Condoms

A

Can prevent pregnancy, the spread of STD’s or STI’s e.g. Syphilis, HV (AIDS), chlamydia

31
Q

Responsible attitude to sexual intercourse

A

Could use condoms and another form of contraception e.g. the pill to prevent pregnancy and spread of disease

32
Q

A woman is most likely to become pregnant during the middle of her menstrual cycle

A

That is when the egg is released

33
Q

Sperm are not formed if the testes are located inside the male body

A

The sperm needs to be cooler of form properly

34
Q

During pregnancy the woman does not have a period

A

The lining of the womb acts to nest the baby, and stays inside

35
Q

A baby in the womb does not breathe through its lungs

A

Oxygen is passed through the placenta and umbilical cord

36
Q

If a pregnant woman smokes or drinks her baby may be harmed

A

Everything that the mother eats etc. Goes into the placenta.

37
Q

Breast fed babies tend to get fewer infections than bottle fed babies

A

Will be used to their mothers immune system, and will get a lend of her ability to fight off infection until their own immune system is made

38
Q

A placenta is essential for the development of a baby

A

Food and oxygen pass through the placenta along the umbilical cord

39
Q

Sperms have tails

A

Need to swim to the egg

40
Q

Genetics

A

Is the study of the inheritance of characteristics

41
Q

Chromosomes

A

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structures

42
Q

Chromosomes are made

A

Of protein and DNA

43
Q

Genes

A

Are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children

44
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

45
Q

Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes

A

46 chromosomes. One set comes from the mother the other from the father. Each sex cell (gamete) has 23 chromosomes

Biology (12 decks)

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