Pituitary Physiology Flashcards
1
Q
microadenoma
A
pituitary tumour same size as or smaller than 1cm
2
Q
macroadenoma
A
more than 1cm
3
Q
what can a non-functioning pituitary adenoma cause?
A
Compression on optic chiasma Compression on other structures eg cranial nerve 3,4,6 Hypoadrenalism Hypothyroidism Hypogonadism (Diabetes Insipidus) GH deficiency
4
Q
what are the physiological causes of raised prolactin?
A
breast feeding
pregnancy
stress
sleep
5
Q
what drugs can cause a raised prolactin?
A
dopamine antagonists
antipsychotics
antidepressants
6
Q
what are the pathological causes of raised prolactin?
A
hypothyroidism
stalk lesions
prolactinoma
7
Q
what is acromegaly due to an excess of?
A
GH
8
Q
how is acromegaly diagnosed?
A
IGF-1 GTT Visual field CT/MRI pituitary scan Pituitary function tests
9
Q
what is bushings syndrome due to?
A
excess cortisol, mineralocorticoid & androgen
10
Q
what is bushings characterised by?
A
Thin Skin Proximal myopathy Frontal balding in women Conjunctival oedema (chemosis) Osteoporosis
11
Q
name some causes of hypopituitarism
A
pituitary tumours secondary metastatic lesions local brain tumours granulomatous diseases trauma
12
Q
what are the risks of testosterone replacement?
A
prostate enlargement
polycythaemia
hepatitis
