Neck Lumps Flashcards
what is the superior boundary of the anterior triangle?
mandible
what is the medial boundary of the anterior triangle?
midline
what is the lateral boundary of the anterior triangle?
anterior border of SCM
what is the anterior boundary of the posterior triangle?
posterior border of SCM
what is the lateral boundary of the posterior triangle?
anterior border of trapezius
what is the inferior boundary of the posterior triangle?
clavicle
what superficial swellings do you get in the neck?
sebaceous cysts
lipomas
neurofibromas
how do you tell the difference between a sebaceous cyst & a lipoma?
sebaceous cyst will move with the skin but the skin will move over a lipoma
what midline swelling can you get in the neck?
thyroid
thyroglossal cyst
dermoid cyst
which midline swelling moves on swallowing and on sticking out the tongue?
thyroglossal cyst
which midline swelling moves only on swollen?
throid
which middline swelling doesn’t move on swallowing or sticking out your tongue?
dermoid cyst
what swellings can you get in the anterior triangle of the neck?
lymph nodes
branchial cyst
salivary glands
carotid body tumour
what’s another name for a carotid body tumour?
chemodacter
what swellings do you get in the posterior triangle?
lymph nodes
cystic hygroma
in which triangle of the neck is it more common to get swellings?
anterior triangle
what are the 2 most common causes of neck lumps?
lymph nodes
goitre
what can cervical lymphadenopathy be due to?
infective
malignant
haematological
what are the haematological causes of cervical lymphadenopathy?
leukaemia
lymphoma
what does hoarseness in a patient with cervical lymphadenopathy suggest?
recurrent laryngeal palsy
what does recurrent laryngeal palsy suggest?
cancer of thyroid
pancoast tumour
what type of carcinoma do you get in the oropharynx?
squamous carcinoma
MNG
multi-nodular goitre
where do thyroglossal cysts occur?
anywhere in the thyroglossal tract
in relation to which bone are thyroglossal cysts described?
hyoid
- supra or infra
in which age group do thyroglossal cysts present?
teenage years
what is a dermoid cyst?
a rare congenital cyst
in which age group do dermoid cysts present?
teendage years
what do dermoid cysts feel like?
soft
non-fluctuant
what is a branchial cyst?
uncommon congenital cyst - persisting second branchial arch
where in the anterior triangle does a branchial cyst arise?
in upper part of anterior triangle
what is found on FNA of a branchial cyst?
cholesterol crystals
in which age group do branchial cysts usually present?
teenage years
in which age group do cystic hygromas usually present?
usually present in first year
what can cystic hygromas cause?
pressure symptoms
what are cystic hygromas filled with?
lymph
what happens to a cystic hygromas look like under a torch?
transilluminate
what can a swelling in the submandibular salivary gland be?
stone
pleomorphic adenoma
what is the most likely diagnosis of a swelling submandibular salivary gland & why?
more mucous in saliva so stones more common whereas parotid gland produces more serous saliva
what can a swelling in the parotid salivary gland be?
infective
pleomorphic adenoma
stone
what is the most likely diagnosis of a parotid salivary gland?
tumour e.g. pleomorphic adenoma
what would facial nerve involvement in a swelling of a salivary gland suggest?
cancer
