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Biology 30 - The Endocrine System > *Pituitary Gland > Flashcards

*Pituitary Gland Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the pituitary gland’s nickname?

A

Master gland

–> produces tropic hormones

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2
Q

What are the two parts of the pituitary gland?

A

Anterior and Posterior

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3
Q

What does posterior mean?

A

Backside

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4
Q

What is stored in the posterior pituitary gland?

A

ADH and Oxytocin

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5
Q

What hormones are made in the anterior pituitary gland? (7)

A 
HGH (Human Growth Hormone)
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone 
Prolactin
MSH (Melanocyte Stimulation Hormone)
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
LH (Lutenizing Hormone)
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6
Q

Is the human growth hormone a target or non-target hormone?

A

Non-target hormone

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7
Q

Is HGH a protein or steroid hormone?

A

Protein

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8
Q

Where are anterior pituitary gland hormones produced and stored?

A

Pituitary gland

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9
Q

How does HGH effect the body?

A

Speeds up cell division

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10
Q

How does HGH speed up cell division? (2)

A

increases amino-acid uptake

Increase the metabolism of lipids

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11
Q

When discussing the HGH. What does the increase of amino-acid intake result in?

A

The increase of protein synthesis

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12
Q

When discussing HGH. How does the increase of metabolism of lipids help the division of cells?

A

Breaking down lipids gives energy

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13
Q

When does HGH spike?

A

During your growth spirt

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14
Q

When does HGH decrease to minimum or nonexistent amounts?

A

After growth has stopped

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15
Q

What are two causes of dwarfism?

A

Lack of growth hormones

Lack of all pituitary gland hormones –> major health and mental issues

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16
Q

What causes giantism?

A

The continuous production of HGH even after the appropriate growing period

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17
Q

Know the charts for a normal HGH level, dwarfism, giantism, and where the pituitary gland has something majorly wrong with it.

A

DONE

18
Q

What does TSH stimulate?

A

Stimulates the thyroid gland

19
Q

What is released by the thyroid gland when it is stimulated?

A

Thyroxin

20
Q

What are the parts of words for the Adrenocorticotropic hormone: adreno, corti, and tropic?

A 
Adreno = adrenal gland
Corti = surface
Tropic = a hormone that targets another gland
21
Q

What does the Adrenocorticotropic hormone target?

A

The surface of the adrenal gland

22
Q

What does the adrenal gland release after being stimulated by Adrenocorticotropic hormone?

A

Cortisol

23
Q

Does prolactin give positive or negative feedback?

A

Positive

24
Q

What does prolactin promote?

A

The production of breast milk

25
Q

What initiates the production of prolactin?

A

Mechanoreceptors in the breast is stimulated by a nursing baby.
Mechanoreceptors send and action potential to the pituitary gland, prolactin is made and milk is produced

26
Q

What are the parts of words for Melanocyte stimulating hormone: melano, and cyte?

A 
Melano = pigment
Cyte = cell
27
Q

What is a melanocyte?

A

A pigment producing cell

28
Q

What does the melanocyte stimulating hormone do?

A

Stimulates melanocytes to produce pigment (melonin)

Ex. Hair, skin, iris

29
Q

Where is the pituitary gland located?

A

In the midbrain dangling off the hypothalamus

30
Q

What is a gonadotropic hormone?

A

Any hormone that stimulates the gonad gland

31
Q

What are the two most common gonadotropic hormones?

A 
Follicle stimulating hormone (FHS)
Lutenizing hormone (LH)
32
Q

What does stimulating the follicle with FSH stimulate in women?

A

Stimulates nurse cells (granulosa cells) to care for developing egg cells

33
Q

What does stimulating the follicle with FSH stimulate in men?

A

Stimulates nurse cells (Sertoli cells) to guard sperm cells

34
Q

What are women nurse cells in the follicle called?

A

Granulosa cells

35
Q

What are men nurse cells in the follicle?

A

Sertoli cells

36
Q

What does the Lutenizing hormone stimulate in females?

A

Ovulation and the creation of the corpus luteum

37
Q

What does the lutenizing hormone stimulate in men?

A

Stimulates interstitial cells of leydig

38
Q

What do the interstitial cells of leydig produce?

A

Testosterone

39
Q

For men, what can the lutenizing hormone also be called?

A

interstitial cell stimulating hormone

40
Q

What is the corpus luteum?

A

The nurse cells left behind after ovulation

Biology 30 - The Endocrine System (12 decks)

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